OneSource Genealogy and Family History Searchable Databases
Alphabetic History of Civilization: Ancient & Modern Genealogies
[The Origin of Man established at Adam-ondi-Ahman:
It does Biblically invalidate a Timeline of Prehistory.]
World Ancestry - Roots In Antiquity

CEMETERIES, FUNERAL HOMES and OBITUARIES: Dolmen - Funerary Art - Tumulus
Twittering (X) Dead Project: aims to protect tweets of the deceased
WORLDWIDE OBITUARY DATABASE / CEMETERY FILE: UPDATED
The dead may outnumber the living on Facebook® within 50 years.
" . . . Beyond the edge of time, there is a place where happiness
and rest wait hand in hand, and sunlight skips across the very
face of God.  It is a place where everlasting peace has embraced
your loved one and taken this very special person home. . . .
a loving God always knows best."   - Poem by Linda E. Knight
Worldwide Sites of Memory: Historical Markers, Memorials, Monuments and Cemeteries.
* Catacombs: catacomb - Google™ Search
  - Catacombs of Paris
* Cemetery: Cemeteries by Country - Lists of Cemeteries
  - Android Apps by CemoMemo Project on Google™ Play
    Collective, or crowd based designed and built system that will digitally record
    and document a grave and gravestone. Documents the text on the grave, its
    features and precise location, and can store pictures of the grave. Anybody
    can browse the database to correct or add information: a database of history.
    - CemoMemo Cemetery Digitization
  - Cemeteries and Cemetery Symbols
    Exploring the meaning of cemetery symbols and other graveyard mysteries.
  - Cemeteries, Graveyards, Burying Grounds
    Links to resources on cemetery history and preservation.
  - Cemetery & Tombstone Transcriptions & Burial Registers Online (archived)
  - Cemetery and Grave Collection - Ancestry®
  - Cemetery - General - Genealogy.com
  - Cemetery Records Online (across the world) - Interment.net
    - Electronic Journal Devoted to Cemeteries
    - World Cemetery Records/
  - Deceased Online (Central Database for UK burials and cremations)
    Burial records, cremation records, grave maps, genealogy and ancestry.
  - Effigies & Brasses: Database & Image Collection
    Images and links of European medieval monumental tombs.
  - Find A Grave™: Find A Grave™
    - Find A Grave In Scotland
    - Find A Grave Volunteers
      Private group with over 12,500 members.
    - Global, Find a Grave® Index for Burials at Sea and other Select Burial Locations
      1300s-Current | Ancestry®.
  - Gravestone (Headstone / Tombstone)
    - AGS: Association for Gravestone Studies
    - BillionGraves: Countries
      Records, images, associated GPS data for exact
      Google™ Maps global cemetery marker location.
    - CanadianHeadstones – A Volunteer Operated Canadian Charity
    - Gravesearch online Gräbersuche-Online
      Volksbund Deutsche Kriegsgräberfürsorge e. V.
  - List of Tombs & Mausoleums
    - Mausoleum: List of Mausolea (by country)
  - Names In Stone - Cemetery Maps / Cemetery Records
  - Online Help for Locating Cemeteries and Graves
  - Rhedesium
    Cemetery Records Online: Maps, Death Dates and More.
  - Saving Graves - Cemetery Preservation Alliance (archived)
    Educate and assist in the worldwide networking
    of people interested in protecting, restoring and
    preserving historic cemeteries.
  - Tombstone Tourism: Planning Cemetery Visits for Genealogy
* Commemorative Plaque: The Historical Marker Database
  - Geographic Lists of Historical Markers (Countries or Territories)
* Cyndi's List - Cemeteries & Funerals
* Funeral: Funeral Home
  - Keyword: "Funeral Customs And Rites"
  - Welcome to FuneralZoom® (archived)
    Hold an officiated celebration of life or memorial for your loved one — online.
* HereAfter - Never Lose Someone You LOVE.
  Alexa-style “bot” that uses artificial intelligence (AI) software to let people
  “talk” with deceased friends and relatives. The device uses voice recordings
  made before a person dies to create the bot. Loved ones later can talk,
  joke, and reminisce with the bot, as if the friend or relative is still alive.
* JewishGen Online Worldwide Burial Registry
* Memorial and Monument: Monuments & Memorials by Country
  - Church Monument Handbook - Tips for Identification, Care and Repair (pdf)
  - Church Monuments Society: Links – Church Monuments Society
  - Hans Geser: Death Memorials and Remembrance Sites in the WWW (pdf)
  - Lists of Monuments and Memorials: War Memorial
  - Memory Medallion®
    - Lives of the Dead Come to Life on Tombstones | Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
  - Online Memorial
    - Death and the Internet
      A recent extension to the cultural relationship with death is the increasing number
      of people who die having created a large amount of digital content, such as social
      media profiles, that will remain after death.
    - Digital Inheritance: Digital Preservation (External Links)
      Passing down of digital assets to designated (or undesignated) beneficiaries
      after a person's death as part of the estate of the deceased. Includes understanding
      what Digital Assets exist and navigating the rights for heirs to access and use those
      digital assets after a person has died.
    - Social Profiling
      Process of constructing a social media user's profile using his or her Social Data.
  - Scotland Monumental Inscriptions | findmypast.com
* National Burial Index for England & Wales | findmypast.com
* Obituary: Lists of Notable Deaths by Year - Current to A.D. 2025
  - Ancestry.com - Obituaries
    - U.S., Newspapers.com™ Obituary Index, 1800s-current
  - Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society
    Publishes obituaries of Fellows of the Royal Society.
  - Cyndi's List - Obituaries
  - Largest Obituary Search Finder By Name (USA) | GenealogyBank
  - Legacy.com
    Search the world's largest obituary database.
    - Search International Newspaper Obituaries - Legacy.com
      Newspapers from Australia, Bermuda, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, U.K.. and U.S.
  - Obituaries (Public Libraries- USA)
  - Obituary Daily Times
    Index of published obituaries world wide.
  - Search Genealogy Records, Family Trees, Newspapers, and More! - MyHeritage
  - World Newspapers Listed by Country | Paperboy Online Newspapers
    - Australian Newspapers | Paperboy Australian Edition (Search Obituaries)
    - Canadian Obituaries, 1997-2017 - MyHeritage
    - UK Newspapers | Paperboy UK Edition (Search Obituaries)
* Resource Information: Thanatology
  - Antiquus Morbus: New Insights into Death and Dying
    Genealogist's resource for interpreting causes of death. (archived)
    - List A - List B - List C - List D - List E - List F - List G - List H - List I - List J
      List K - List L - List M - List N - List O - List P - List Q - List R - List S - List T
      List U - List V - List W - List X - List Y - List Z
  - Archaeology of Graveyards - Department of Archaeology: Publications
    Classics and Egyptology - University of Liverpool.
    - England / Ireland / Isle of Man /
      Scottish Diaspora (North America and Australia) to Ulster / Wales
  - Association for Death Education and Counseling®
    The Thanatology Association®: Handbook of Thanatology
    - List of issues Death Studies
      - Open access articles from Death Studies
    - Omega (journal)
      An International Journal for the Study of Dying, Death,
      Bereavement, Suicide, and Other Lethal Behaviors.
  - Coping With Loss - MastersInCounseling.org
     115 Helpful Websites on Grief and Bereavement.
  - Death and Culture
    - Category: Death Customs
    - Death | Definition, Types, Meaning, Culture, & Facts | Britannica
      - Death - Process, Event, Causes | Britannica
        - What Happens to Our Bodies After We Die? | Britannica
    - Suicide: Family Conversations about Suicide (Doctrine and Covenants 19)
      Repentance is the key solution in overcoming suicidal thoughts (of real self-guilt)
      and (overcoming the world through good works) that avoids all negative actions.
      "And surely every man must repent or suffer, for I, God (Jesus Christ), am endless."
      [Research Note: The Atonement of Jesus Christ. Chapter 8: Doctrine & Covenants 19.
      It is clear from the Book of Mormon, Mosiah 3: 7-11, that blood cometh from every
      pore (of Jesus Christ), so great shall be his anguish (severe mental and physical pain)
      for the wickedness and the abominations of his people. His severe mental anguish
      would have included contemplation of all the evil thought processes of all mankind,
      as well as freely offering Himself as a Living Sacrifice for their eternal redemption; as,
      Jesus Christ did not die upon the Cross; He freely yielded up the ghost (left) His body.
      His final words as He hung from the cross were: "It is finished" (Mission and Ministry).
      A Spear Thrust into Christ’s Side by a Roman soldier confirmed that He was deceased.
      D&C 45: 51-53 And then shall the Jews look upon me and say: What are these wounds
      in thine hands and in thy feet? Then shall they know that I am the Lord, for I will say
      unto them: These wounds are the wounds with which I was wounded in the house of
      my friends. I am he who was lifted up. I am Jesus that was crucified. I am the Son of
      God. And then shall they weep because of their iniquities; then shall they lament
      because they persecuted their king. Looking Forth: The Second Coming of Christ | Q&A
      JAMA suggests On the Physical Death of Jesus Christ (pdf); it resulted primarily from
      hypovolemic shock and exhaustion asphyxia. Yet, Jesus Christ was fully conscious in
      the ninth hour when he cried out with a loud voice, saying, Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani?
      (Matthew 27:46 KJV); that is to say, My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me? His
      death was followed by Resurrection; He reentered His mangled body, as it laid in the
      tomb. (The Vision of the Redemption of the Dead (D&C 138) | Religious Studies Center).
      Joseph Smith, Jr. suffered "the malice of hell" (Lessons from Liberty Jail - Y Magazine);
      nevertheless, Joseph Smith, Jr., was reminded (informed) by Jesus Christ Himself, that:
      "The Son of Man hath descended below them all. Art thou greater than he?" See also:
      Doctrine and Covenants 122. Furthermore, Jesus Christ, in Doctrine and Covenants 76,
      states concerning hell, that: "Nevertheless, I, the Lord, show it by vision unto many,
      but straightway shut it up again; Wherefore, the end, the width, the height, the depth,
      and the misery thereof, they understand not, neither any man except those who are
      ordained unto this condemnation." Thus, Jesus Christ actually holds Priesthood Keys
      over Physical Death, Hell, & the Grave (Messiah, Savior and Redeemer of the World).]
  - Encyclopedia of Death and Dying
    - Book: Encyclopedia of Death and Dying - PMC
    - Encyclopedia of Death and the Human Experience | SAGE Publications Inc
    - Encyclopedia of Death, Dying and Funerals - Sysoon [en]
      Free International Encyclopedia of Death, Dying and Funerals.
    - Handbook of Death and Dying - Google™ Books
      Particular patterns of death and dying engender modal cultural
      responses, and such institutionalized behavior has familiar,
      economical, educational, religious, and political implications.
    - List of Unusual Deaths
      Unique or extremely rare circumstances of death recorded throughout history.
    - Macmillan Encyclopedia of Death and Dying (Book, 2003) [WorldCat.org]
  - Journey of Hearts™
    Healing Place for those Dealing with Grief.
  - Medical and Health
    Genetics, genealogy and history.
  - Veneration of the Dead
    - Ancestor Veneration and Death Beliefs
      Practices in East Asia, Vietnam | Pew Research Center.
    - Ancestor Worship - Chinese Studies - Oxford Bibliographies
      - Chinese - American Teens Look at Ancestor Worship Today
* USA: CemeteryRegistry.US - Registry of Cemeteries
  - ArrangeOnline®
    Assisting families find local USA & USA territories; and Canadian funeral homes.
  - COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States
    - CDC COVID Data Tracker
  - Legacy.com | Where Life Stories Live On
    - Estate Settlement Guide - How to Settle an Estate Checklist
    - Legacy's Obituary Writer
    - Place An Obituary Anywhere 2
  - LifeStoryNet.com
    Exclusive providers of the Life Story Experience™
  - List of Burial Mounds in the United States
    Built by Native Americans (Lamanites).
  - Memoriams™ - Login
    Easily price and place obituaries in thousands of newspapers.
  - NamUs- National Missing and Unidentified Persons System
    Can be searched by the general public. Provides technology, forensic services,
    and investigative support to resolve missing person and unidentified remains cases.
  - Nationwide Gravesite Locator (NGL) - National Cemetery Administration
    Search for burial locations of veterans and their family members.
  - Newspaper Obituaries, Genealogy, Obituary, Funeral Resources
  - NewspaperObituaries.net, 9.000+ pages of obituary indexes
    Includes UK and Ireland; Canada Obituaries.
  - Obituaries 101 Death Notices Easy Search USA Canada Obits
    Send flowers, sympathy flowers, tsunami charity aid, donate.
  - ObituariesHelp.org
    Newspaper obituaries, genealogy, obituary and funeral resources.
  - Obituary Archives - Find Your Ancestors' Story
  - Online Cemetery Records and Burial Indexes (USA)
  - Paperboy Online Newspapers | US & World Newspapers
    Paperboy provides easy access to online newspapers, newspaper
    obituaries and death notices, local news, front pages, headlines, etc..
  - Political Graveyard
    Internet's most comprehensive source of United States political biography.
  - Search ABMC Burials and Memorials | American Battle Monuments Commission
    Search records for those buried and memorialized at World War I and II overseas
    military cemeteries; also names on Walls of the Missing Memorial; etc.
  - Time For Memory (Nationwide - United States)
    Memorial to those we love.
  - U.S., Find A Grave Index, 1600s-Current
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CENSUS and POPULATION RECORDS: Census - Counting heads Around the World
Genealogy of International Census databases.  Evaluating  census tradition within
the U.K., Scandinavia, and selected European countries and how cooperative
projects between governments, genealogists, social scientists, and church
organizations have begun to make these records much more accessible.
* Censuses and Census Takers: A Global History: Preview (pdf) (WorldCat.org)
  Book analyzes the international development of the census by comparing
  the history of census taking on all continents and in many countries.
* Doreen S. Goyer - Search Results (population census publications)
* International Data - Census and Demographic Data - LibGuides at MIT Libraries

CENSUS - GENERAL - REGIONAL:
Census | Facts, Definition, Methods, & History | Britannica.com: Global Census History
* 1703 Census of Iceland - Memory of the World: 1703 Icelandic census / 1703 (pdf)
  The first comprehensive census taken in Iceland and the oldest extant nominal census
  in the world that includes every member of a country's population,
  with name, age and social status.
* Census & Voter Lists - MyHeritage
* Census and Voter Lists | Ancestry®
* CensusTools Spreadsheet Tempates for Census Data - CensusTools
* Cyndi's List - Census Worldwide
* Filling Out The Family
  Censuses in family history.
* Historical Record Collections
  FamilySearch.org: Census Records.
* IPUMS International: International Partners
  104 Countries - 565 Censuses and Surveys - Over 1 Billion Person Records.
  Integrated Public Use Microdata Series - International.
  Collecting and distributing census data from around the world.
  - World Population Census Forms, 1955-Present
    - Census Dates for Countries and Areas of the World: 1945 to 2014 (archived)
* Lost Cousins: Putting Relatives In Touch
  - Help & Advice: Search the Census
* My Free Census - Search Free Census Records Online
* Project MUSE: Searched for: the term [ census ] in content (over 59,000 results)
  Books and journals in the humanities and social sciences from over 200
  of the world’s most distinguished university presses and scholarly societies.

COMMONWEALTH of NATIONS: Commonwealth of Nations: Member Countries
Colonies and Dependencies from 1782 - The National Archives
Discovery | The National Archives
Empire and Commonwealth Records Held by Other Archives - The National Archives
List of Member States of the Commonwealth of Nations by Population
* Census in Australia
* Census in Canada: Canada - Databases
  - Automated Genealogy
  - Census Records
  - Searching the Canadian Census by Name in One Step (1921-1851)
* Census in the United Kingdom (and the British Isles)
  - 1939 Register of England & Wales - MyHeritage
  - 1991 and Earlier Census Data - Office for National Statistics
  - 2011 Census - Office for National Statistics
  - Census - Office for National Statistics
  - Census Records - The National Archives
  - Census - The Family Historian's Guide
  - Historic Census Data - Office for National Statistics
  - List of Old English Occupations and Descriptions
  - List of United Kingdom Censuses
  - LookupUK.com - Lookup United Kingdom - 1901 British Census + more
  - National Archives: Census of Ireland 1901/1911
    - 1911 Census of Ireland
  - Search Query | FreeCEN
  - Searching the UK Census by Name in One Step
* India Map, Map of India: India
  - British India - South Asian Studies: Digital Colonial Documents
    Yale University Library Research Guides at Yale University.
  - Census of India: Government of India - Census Website
    - Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India
      - Treatise on Indian Censuses Since 1981
        - 2011 Census of India
  - Demographics of India, Indian Demographics Data
  - Digital Library of India
  - India Census, India Census Map, Demographic Maps of India
  - India, Raj and Empire | AM
  - List of States and Union Territories of India by Population
  - National Digital Library of India (NDLI)
  - Search results - India | Endangered Archives Programme
  - Search results - India - related places | Endangered Archives Programme
  - The British Library and the India Office Records
    East India Company - Adam Matthew Digital (AM).
* New Zealand Census

MULTINATIONAL and WORLDWIDE: Population (External Links): Human Population
World by Map: Statistics, Maps and Charts
* Current International Statistics - International Census Data Sources
  Research Guides at Library of Congress
* European Historical Population Samples Network: Database List - Links / all
* Index of International Statistical Agencies
  U.S. Census Bureau Links to National Statistical Agencies across the world.
  - International Programs: Related Sites
    - International Data Base (IDB)
* International Census Data Sources - Research Guides at Library of Congress
* International Research (Family History and Genealogy)
* International Statistics - International, Regional, and National Data Sets
  Research Guides at University of Michigan Library.
* Population Reference Bureau – Inform, Empower, Advance.
  - Focus on Changing Age Structures
  - PRB'S Population Handbook - 6th (current) Edition, 2011 (pdf)
    Quick guide to population dynamics for journalists, policymakers,
    teachers, students, and other people interested in demographics.
  - Sociosite: Demography - Population Studies
* UNdata - A World of Information
* World Population: Current World Population
  - 7 Billion Others - United Nations Western Europe
  - Day of Eight Billion
  - Demography: Demographics of the World
    - Demography - Statistics & Facts | Statista
  - International Union for the Scientific Study of Population
    - Population Databases
    - Population-related Websites Includes:
      Foundations
      Learned Societies and Professional Associations
      National and International Agencies
      Networks, Databases, Journals and Newsletters
      Research Centres
  - IROWS-Links to Globalization Research
  - Links | UNECE (Worldwide)
    United Nations Economic Commission for Europe: Data Archives on the Web; Other
    UN Resources on the Web; Population Resources on the Web; Resources on Ageing.
  - List of Countries and Dependencies by Population
  - List of Countries by Past and Projected Future Population
  - Population Growth - Our World in Data
    Explore changing global and country data on population growth and demography.
  - Princeton University Office of Population Research
    Oldest population research center (1936-) in the United States.
    - Population Index | JSTOR
    - Population Literature | JSTOR
  - Subject Guides - LibGuides at University of Auckland New Zealand: Databases
  - Wittgenstein Centre: Wittgenstein Centre Human Capital Data Explorer
    Demography & Global Human Capital: Indicators, Geography, Breakdown, Time Horizon.
  - World Population Since Creation
    Growth of world population during various epochs of earth history
    can be mathematically calculated by a well-known formula.
  - Worldometers - Real Time World Statistics
    - World Population Clock: 8.2 Billion People (LIVE, 2025) - Worldometer

NATIONAL: Category:Censuses by Country
Sometimes listed as, or part of the Demographics of a given Country; or, Country Census.
Global Census Archive - East View Information Services
Global aggregation initiative to collect the world's census data in all its formats.
Related International Statistical Activities (Worldwide)
* Census & Voter Lists - MyHeritage
* Census and Voter Lists | Ancestry
* Census in Albania
* Census in Argentin
* Census in Armenia
* Census in Australia
* Census in Azerbaijan
* Census in Botswana
* Census in Canada
* Census in China
* Census in Egypt
* Census in Ecuador
* Census in Estonia (Demographics)
* Census in Germany
* Census in Indonesia
* Census in Jamaica
* Census in Malaysia
* Census in Morocco
* Census in Myanmar (Burma)
* Census in Nepal
* Census in New Zealand
* Census in Nigeria
* Census in Pakistan
* Census in Peru
* Census in Poland
* Census in Romania (Demographics)
* Census in Serbia (Demographics)
* Census in Switzerland
* Census in the Dutch East Indies
* Census in the Ottoman Empire
* Census in the Philippines
* Census in the Soviet Union
  - List of Russian Censuses
    - 2002 Russian Census
  - Revision List - Russian Empire
    - Russian Empire Census (1897)
* Census in the United Kingdom
  - List of United Kingdom Censuses
* Census in Turkey
* Census Links (archived 2023) (Miscellaneous International)
  Catalog of links to transcriptions of census, tax lists, birth, death, marriage
  and military records, all freely available to help with your genealogy research.
* Census of India: Category:Censuses in India
* Census of Ireland
* Census of Sri Lanka
* Censuses in Ukraine
* Demographics of Europe
* Dutch Censuses 1795-1971 (Volkstellingen)
  - Foreign Projects (Volkstellingen)
    Census and other statistical data from various countries.
* Mexico - Census Reports & Statistics - LibGuides at University of Texas at San Antonio
  - Project MUSE - Guadalajara Census Project, Volume I
    The Guadalajara Censuses of 1821 and 1822 (review).
* Norwegian Historical Data Centre (NHDC), The Arctic University of Norway
  - Historical Microdata around the World (1st version) (archived)
* Population and Housing Censuses by Country
  - Americas
  - Africa
  - Asia
  - Europe
  - Oceania
* Population Census in Hong Kong
* USA: United States Census: United States Census (Soundex)
  - Beginning Research in United States Census Records
     - Census Book (WorldCat®): DonsList Census Books
       Genealogist's guide to federal census facts, schedules, and indexes.
  - Census and Voter Lists - Records and Data | U.S. Census | Ancestry: Census Online
  - Census - Genealogy: Age Search Service - Related Sites
    - Census Surname Data: Common U.S. Surnames
      - Search your Surname and find its meaning (FamilySearch - Global)
  - Census Records | National Archives: Search Online and Other Resources.
    - 1790 Census - 1800 Census - 1810 Census - 1820 Census - 1830 Census - 1840 Census
    - 1850 Census | 1850 Census - Mortality Schedule | 1850 Census - Slave Schedule
    - 1860 Census - 1870 Census - 1880 Census - 1890 Census
    - 1900 Census / 1900 Census
    - 1910 Census
    - 1920 Census
    - 1930 Census | 1930 Census of Merchant Seamen
    - 1940 Census
    - 1950 Census
    - Free Census Project (USGenWeb): My Free Census | Links
    - Searching the US Census by Name in One Step
      - Overview of One-Step Census Forms
        - Unified Census ED Finder
    - United States Census - Colonial
    - United States Census - Internet Archive
    - United States Census - State Census Records • FamilySearch
    - United States Census - Territorial
    - United States Census - U.S. Census - MyHeritage
    - United States Census Connections - Research Guides at Library of Congress
    - United States Schools and Education • FamilySearch
    - United States Special Inquiries Relating to Indians
      - American Indian Census Rolls (FamilySearch)
  - Data Visualization Gallery
    Weekly exploration of Census data.
  - Decennial Census of Population and Housing: Decennial Census Official Publications
    - Decennial Census of Population and Housing Publications
  - IPUMS NHGIS | National Historical Geographic Information System
    Summary tables & time series of population, housing, agriculture, & economic data,
    along with GIS-compatible boundary files, for years from 1790 through the present
    & for all levels of U.S. census geography, including states, counties, tracts, & blocks.
    IPUMS provides census & survey data from around the world, integrated across time
    and space; to study change, conduct comparative research, merge information across
    data types, and analyze individuals within family and community context.
  - IPUMS USA | Enumerator Instructions
  - IPUMS USA | History of the Census and Its Samples
  - ProQuest LLC - HeritageQuest Online®
  - Resources for Genealogists and Family Historians | National Archives: Census Records
  - Social Explorer
    Gain deep insights into any area of interest - down to a city block,
    with stunning visualizations and built-in data. Reinforce your decisions
    with reliable and accurate location data.
  - This is what the United States looks like if you scale states by population - Vox
    - Every state's population rank from 1910 to 2010, in one dizzying chart - Vox
  - University of Colorado - B Libraries | GovInfo | Guide to Census Information (archived)
↑ upΛ


DATABASES: ScienceDirect.com: genealogy - Search over 22,600 Results
[Example: The sources of information of the genealogical tourist:
the influence of social networks and genealogical associations - ScienceDirect]
How Much Data Does The World Create Daily in 2024? | Edge Delta
Breaking Down The Numbers: Internet Minute (2019)
The Ever-Expanding Universe of the Internet of Things (Emerging Trends - 2024)
* Digital 2024: Global Overview Report — DataReportal – Global Digital Insights
* Digital Databases: Education Publications & Books Online
* Digital Library: List of Digital Library Projects
  - Digital Librarian: Electronic Texts, Primary Sources and Digital Libraries (archived)
* Google™ Public Data Explorer
  - Genealogy Products And Services Market Size, Share, Outlook and Forecast
* International Internet Preservation Consortium (IIPC): Members | IIPC
  Expertise to collect, preserve and made accessible knowledge from the global web.
  - Digital Preservation Coalition (UK): Member List - Digital Preservation Coalition
    - Allied Organisations / Honorary Personal Members - Digital Preservation Coalition
    - Digital Preservation Handbook
  - Digital Preservation (Library of Congress): Partners - Digital Preservation
      - Personal Digital Archiving | Digital Preservation - Library of Congress
  - MetaArchive | A Digital Preservation Network
  - Preserving Access to Digital Information: Resources
    Connecting to Collections Care Online Community
    - 24 Aug 2011 - PADI - Preserving Access to Digital Information - Trove (archived)
      Gateway to international digital preservation resources
      and to ICADS (IFLA-CDNL Alliance for Digital Strategies).
      - 24 Aug 2011 - PADI - Organisations and Websites - Trove (archived)
* Internet Archive: (About the Internet Archive) Internet Archive: Wayback Machine
  Worldwide databases, history, preservation: online Internet archives.
  Internet library offering permanent access for researchers, historians
  and scholars to historical collections that exist in digital format.
  - Audio Archive
  - eBooks and Texts
  - Moving Image Archive
  - Projects
    - Open Content Alliance
    - Open Educational Resources
    - Open Library
    - Software Collection
  - TV News Archive
* Memory of the World | UNESCO
  - Memory of the World - Grid / International Register
* Online Database: Category:Online databases
  - Data Links (archived)
  - DCMI: - DublinCore™ Metadata Initiative: DCMI: Organisational Members
    DublinCore organization supporting innovation in Metadata design
    and best practices across the metadata ecology.
    - DCPapers: Dublincore Papers and Proceedings
      - ACM Digital Library: All: genealogy : Search
      - doi® Foundation (Digital Object Identifier).
      - dblp: computer science bibliography (Samples for genealogy; etc.)
        - A framework of genealogy knowledge reasoning and visualization
          based on a knowledge graph | Emerald Insight
        - Knowledge Graph for China's Genealogy . . .
        - Some areas where digital forensics can support the addressing
          of legal challenges linked to forensic genetic genealogy - ScienceDirect
        - Tracing the Paḷola Ṣāhi Royal Genealogy by Fusing LLMs and Databases
        - Transmission of ‘The West Saxon Royal Genealogy’:
          Phylogenetic approach | Digital Scholarship in the Humanities | Oxford Academic.
      - Google Scholar: Genealogy - Google Scholar
      - OpenAlex: The open catalog to the global research system.
        - OpenAlex | Works search "Genealogy"
      - ORCID: Free, unique, persistent identifier (PID).
      - Scopus® | Abstract and Citation Database | Elsevier
        - Elsevier Site Search
          - The Digital Age and Local Studies - 1st Edition | Elsevier Shop
          - The Versatility of Kinship - 1st Edition | Elsevier Shop
      - Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool
        Free, AI-powered research tool for scientific literature.
        - Genealogy | Semantic Scholar
          About 60,000 results for Genealogy, and counting.
      - Wikidata: Search results for "genealogy" - Wikidata
      - WorldCat: World’s Most Comprehensive Database of Library Collections | OCLC
        - New WorldCat.org Connects Genealogy Enthusiasts, Educators, and Historians
          to the world's libraries | OCLC.
        - Search Results OCLC.org: Genealogy
        - WorldCat.org | Genealogy - YouTube™
          - Find your Family History: Introduction
          - Find your Family History: Family Names
          - Find your Family History: Specific Names
          - Find your Family History: Location Tools
          - Find your Family History: Cemetery Records
          - Find your Family History: Family Documents
  - Dialog - Clarivate™
    - a-z-databaselist-dialog.pdf
      Proquest Dialog™ Database List - An A-Z list of all databases available.
    - Database List (archived)
      Complete list of databases includes over 250 of the leading database
      providers and publishers worldwide, as of 17 Oct 2006.
      - Databases - Find the Best Library Databases for your Research (about 600)
      - Library of Congress Research Guides: A-Z Databases (over 2000 Databases found)
        - A-Z Databases: Genealog*
        - Databases: Library of Congress Electronic Resources Online Catalog
    - ProQuest Libguides - LibGuides at ProQuest: Genealogy Group Page
  - Disciplinary Repository: Disciplinary Repositories - Open Access Directory
  - Institutional Repository: Open-Access Repository (Open Access by Country)
    - List of Archives
    - List of Libraries
    - Ranking Web of Repositories
  - List of Academic Databases & Search Engines
  - List of Online Databases
  - Universitetet i Tromsø: HistLab
    - Historical Microdata around the World (1st version) (archived)
  - Vienna Database on European Family History
* Portico - a community-supported ditigal archive
  Digital preservation and electronic archiving service.
  - Coverage - Portico
* Registry of Research Data Repositories: re3data.org (Search | genealog*)
  - Data Repositories - Open Access Directory
  - Datenbank: Jüdische Grabsteinepigraphik
    The Database of Jewish epigraphy.
  - FAIRsharing
    Curated, informative and educational resource on data
    and metadata standards, inter-related to databases and data policies.
    - Collections
    - Databases
  - Kinsources: Datasets
    Collaborative web platform for kinship data sharing dedicated to the archiving,
    analysing and comparing kinship data for scientific use.
* (Web Mega Sites) All Guides - LibGuides at University of California San Diego
  Subjects A-Z - Provided by the Library at UC San Diego.
  - A-Z Databases
    Find the best library databases for your research.

GENERAL GENEALOGICAL: Genealogy - Wikibooks
Open books for an open world. [Genealogy/Websites - Wikibooks]
* Ancestry®
  Collection of searchable genealogy databases.
  - Cyndi's List - Ancestry.com: The Basics
  - Search Historical Records, Etc.
* Archives and Knowledge Management
  Scholarly online resource evidence and records.
* Browsers - Directories - Portals:
  Genealogy and family history link sites.
* Cengage - The Leading Provider of Higher Education Course Materials
  - About Cengage Group | History of Cengage Group – Cengage
    [Search by genealogy and "family history".]
    - Online Courses and Certification Prep Classes | ed2go
    - Scholarly Resources for Learning and Research | Gale
      - Gale Products Search (family history)
      - Gale Products Search (genealogy)
* Cyndi's List - Databases: Searchable Online
* Education Publications & Online Books
* Family Group Records Collection, Archives Section, 1942-1969 — FamilySearch.org
  Collection consists of family group record forms submitted by LDS Church members to
  the Genealogical Society of Utah, now the Family History Department, for processing
  prior to performing proxy ordinances.  Completed ordinance dates were recorded on
  forms. Completed forms were filed in the Family Group Records Archive collection.
  Forms are filed in alphabetical order by husband's surname, given name, and date
  of birth. Browse a list of records by surnames currently published in this collection.
* Family Group Sheet Project
* FamilySearch.org: Site Map for FamilySearch
  Find your family. Free Genealogy Archive.
  - Search Historical Records by Place
* Free Family History Research - Free Ancestry Records | findmypast.com
* GenealogySearch.org
  Free online genealogy databases.
* Geneanet: Search all records - Geneanet
  Includes Family Tree, Archives and Documents, Cemeteries and Memorials,
  Genealogy Library, Collection Catalog, Hints, All and Collaborative Projects,
  Resources, Community of 5 million plus; Search for Relatives and Forums.
  Genealogical database network, indexing resources all over the world.
* General Genealogical Resources [includes Gedcom]
* General: Genealogy, Census, Vital Records
  Linkpendium's goal is to index every genealogy, geneology, :)
  family history, family tree, surname, vital records, biography,
  or otherwise genealogically-related site on the Internet.
* Gengateway.com: Genealogy Gateways To The Internet
* International Collections (Research and Reference Services, Library of Congress)
  - Genealogy - Research Guides at Library of Congress
  - Local History and Genealogy Guides | Research Guides | Researcher Resources
    Main Reading Room | Research Centers | Library of Congress. (Global in scope.)
  - Search results for "Family History", All Items  | Library of Congress
  - Search results for "Family History", Available Online | Library of Congress
  - Search results for "Family History", Web Page | Library of Congress
  - Search results for Genealog*, All Items | Library of Congress
  - Search results for Genealog*, Available Online | Library of Congress
  - Search results for Genealog*, Web Page | Library of Congress
* List of Genealogy Databases
* List of Historical Societies and Heritage Societies
  Global, International, Supra-national, National, and sub-regional societies.
* MyHeritage: SuperSearch™ Historical Records
  Over 21.0 billion historical records and counting.
  - MyHeritage Education
    Features and tools that will help you make the most of your research.
* Olive Tree Genealogy: Site Map
  Free genealogy for your ancestors.
* One-Step Webpages by Stephen P. Morse
  One-step portal for on-line genealogy.
* Online Information Brokers and Your Privacy | Privacy Rights Clearinghouse
  How consumers can opt out of directory assistance and non-public information.
  - Data Brokers | Privacy Rights Clearinghouse
    There are many websites that sell or provide for free,
    personal information about individuals.  This information
    is gathered from many sources including white pages listings
    (directory assistance), publicly-available sources and public records.
* Open Data Sponsorship Program | AWS: Registry of Open Data on AWS
  - The Massively Multilingual Image Dataset (MMID): Documentation | mmid
    MMID provides images for words in 99 languages, packaged by language.
    For all 99 languages, it also provides images for each word's English translation.
* Pedigree & Lineage Networking: Family Trees
* Public Records Directory
  Free public records in other nations, as well as the United States.
* RootsWeb.com
  Hosted websites are now read-only and will remain on RootsWeb as static content.
* Specialty: Genealogy & Family History Directories - Links - Portals
* Who Can Find People?
  Find people, places and things.

UNITED STATES:
  - Access to Archival Databases (AAD): NARA - USA
    - Cyndi's List - United States - U.S. National Archives
  - BRB Publications, Inc. - Free Public Records Resources
    Free public records: United States, State, County and City.
    - Directory of Intellectual Property Offices (Global: National IP Offices)
    - Embassies and Consulates Around the World - Embassy-WorldWide.com
    - Embassy List, Embassies and Consulates Around the World
    - Foreign Embassies in the United States
    - Foreign Sites: Canada
    - Official List of Embassies from the U.S. Department of State
  - Court Records Directory - Court Reference: United States
    Find online court records and contact information
    for trial courts in every state and county.
  - CourthouseDirect.com - Public Records Online
    Provides links to Courthouse records, Grantor Grantee Indexes, and images
    of Real Property Records nationwide, including Deeds, Mortgages, Liens,
    Oil & Gas Leases, Abstracts of Judgment, Releases, Bankruptcies, etc.
  - Genealogy - History Hub
    Genealogy Blog Suggestions and Advice for Family History Researchers.
  - Genealogy Trails (Genealogy Trails History Group)
    Free transcribed genealogical and historical data for researchers.
  - LexisNexis®: Lexisnexis Law & Legal Software Products
    - Court Docket Search and Alerts | CourtLink | LexisNexis®
    - Public Records Search | Find People, Businesses & Assets | LexisNexis®
      Uncover hidden connections between people, etc.
  - Office of the Historian - United States Department of State
    - Browse Resources by Subject Tag: All Tags
    - Global Guide to Countries: View a List of All Countries
    - Historical Documents - Office of the Historian
  - Public Records | Search the Original Resource USA - Worldwide
    Find free national, state, and county records.
  - USA: Genealogy, Census, Vital Records
    Linkpendium's goal is to index every genealogy, geneology, :)
    family history, family tree, surname, vital records, biography,
    or otherwise genealogically-related site on the Internet.
    - General: Genealogy, Census, Vital Records
  - USAGov: A-Z Index of U.S. Government Departments and Agencies | USAGov
    Official guide to government information and services.
    - All Topices and Services
    - "family history" - Search all government websites Search Results
    - genealogy - Search all government websites Search Results
      Extensive listings of records throughout the United States of America.
      - Images: family-history - (archived) Search Results
      - Images: genealogy - (archived) Search Results
      - Videos - family-history - (archived) Search Results
      - Videos - genealogy - (archived) Search Results
  - Vote Smart - Facts For All
    Provides free, factual, unbiased information on candidates and elected officials
    to all Americans, with all the information needed to vote in all states / territories.
    - Access To and Use Of Voter Registration Lists
    - Availability of State Voter File and Confidential Information
    - Category: Voting Records • FamilySearch
    - Voter Registration - Global
      - Voter Registration in the United States
      - Voter Registration List Laws: 50-State Resources | Administrative Law Center | Justia
↑ upΛ


EMIGRATION and HUMAN MIGRATION: Emigration - Human Migration

About Immigration & Migration	Ancient & Modern Explorations	Citizenship & Naturalization
Colonization & History	Regional Movements	Transportation & Patterns

ABOUT IMMIGRATION and MIGRATION: Migration Dialogue - Refworld
* Category: Emigration and Immigration Records • FamilySearch (Global / Worldwide)
* Center for Immigration Studies: Immigration Data Portal
* Cyndi's List - Immigration, Emigration & Migration
* Human Rights by Country: Declaration of Independence | Teaching American History
  - George Washington and the Declaration of Independence
    - The Declaration, the Constitution, and the Bill of Rights | Constitution Center
      All people have certain fundamental rights that governments are created to protect.
      Those rights include common law rights, and natural rights, which come from God.
      It is correct to believe that natural rights are inherent in all people by virtue of their
      being human (i.e., all are literal spirit children of one immortal Heavenly Father); &
      certain of these rights are unalienable, meaning they cannot be surrendered to, or
      taken violently by governments, or other groups of people under any circumstances.
  - Human Trafficking: Human Trafficking by Country
    - Human Trafficking in the United States
  - Human Trafficking Search: Global Resource Database
    - Global Modern Slavery Directory
    - Publications
      Research Guides for Central America, East Asia, Europe, Middle East,
      North Africa, North America, South America, South and Southeast Asia,
      Sub-Saharan Africa, and Ukraine Research Guide: War with Russia.
  - INTERPOL | The International Criminal Police Organization: Our 19 Databases
    - Includes databases about: Ballistic Information Network, DNA Profiles (I-Familia),
      Facial Recognition System, Financial Crime, Fingerprints, Firearms Reference Table,
      Firearms Trafficking, Global Policing Goals, Human Trafficking/Smuggling of Migrants,
      Identify Me, Illicit Arms Records and Tracing Management System, Illicit Goods,
      International Child Sexual Exploitation Database, Maritime Piracy, News and Events,
      Notices, Organized Crime, Stolen and Lost Travel Documents Database (Counterfeit),
      Stolen Works of Art Database, Terrorism, Vehicle Crime,
      View Red Notices Concerning Wanted Persons, War Crimes
* Immigration & Migration in Latin America - LANIC (archived)
* Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre | IDMC
  World's leading sources of data and analysis on internal displacement.
  - Focus Areas | IDMC - Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre
    - Conflict and Violence
    - Displacement, Disasters and Climate Change
      [Research Note: Doctrine and Covenants 121: 12 And also that God hath set his hand
      and seal to change the times and seasons, and to blind their minds, that they may
      not understand his marvelous workings; that he may prove them also and take them
      in their own craftiness; . . .  Chapter 21: The Second Coming and the Millennium]
* International Centre for Migration Policy Development
* International Organization for Migration: Countries - Migration Data and Research
  - OHCHR and Migration | OHCHR (United Nations Human Rights)
  - pub2023-047-l-world-migration-report-2024_0.pdf (UN Migration)
* Migration and Immigration: Displaced Persons' (DP) Camps
  - Countries A to F / Germany / Countries I to Z / Ukraine
* Migration Data Portal
* Migration Institutions (archived)
  - AEMI - Emigration Center - Association of European Migration Institutions: Facebook
    Creating public awareness & understanding of Europe's migrations: history / heritage.
  - Cser – Centro Studi Emigrazione Roma
  - DOMiD – Documentation Center and Museum of Migration in Germany
  - Génériques
  - Institute for the Study of International Migration | Georgetown University: Research
  - International Migration Institute (IMI) — IMI
  - Mellon Centre for Migration Studies - Omagh, Northern Ireland (predominantly Irish)
  - Roma, Sinti, and Traveller Studies - LibGuides at ACRL
* Migration Policy Institute: Migration Information Source
  - International Migration Statistics
    - Immigrant and Emigrant Populations by Country of Origin and Destination
      This incredibly handy map shows the immigrant and emigrant populations
      by country of origin and destination.
    - Total Immigrant and Emigrant Populations by Country
  - Migration Data Hub: Regions
    - Africa (sub-Saharan)
    - Asia and the Pacific
    - Central America & the Caribbean
    - Europe: European Union
    - Middle East & North Africa
    - North America: Canada - Mexico
      - United States: U.S. Immigration Policy Program
        - Center for Migration Studies of New York (CMS)
        - History of United States Immigration Laws
        - Immigration Data Matters
          Useful online guide links users directly to the most credible, high-quality data
          on immigrants and immigration in the United States and internationally.
          The easy-to-use publication includes more than 220 data resources compiled
          by governmental and authoritative nongovernmental sources. The guide covers
          a wide range of topics, among them foreign-born population stocks and flows,
          humanitarian and labor migration, naturalization, education and language
          attainment, labor force participation, income and poverty rates, remittance size
          and flow, immigration enforcement actions, public opinion, religious affiliation,
          and development indicators
      - Stymied by the Immigrant: Part One
      - Stymied by the Immigrant: Part Two
    - South America
* Population, Migration and Refugee Studies - Research Guides at Columbia University
  - European Council on Refugees and Exiles (ECRE)
  - Immigration Policy Guide - Research Guides at Columbia University
    - Pro & Anti Immigration Organizations
  - Refugee Studies Centre
    University of Oxford multidisciplinary research on forced migration.
  - Refugees International - International Centre for Migration Policy Development
  - UNHCR - The UN Refugee Agency
* ReliefWeb - Informing Humanitarians Worldwide
  - Countries | ReliefWeb
  - Disasters | ReliefWeb
  - Organizations | ReliefWeb

ANCIENT and MODERN EXPLORATIONS
* Age of Discovery
  The Age of Discovery, or the Age of Exploration (approximately from the beginning
  of the 15th century until the end of the 18th century), is an informal and loosely defined
  term for the period in European history in which extensive overseas exploration
  emerged as a powerful factor in European culture and which was the beginning
  of globalization. It also marks the rise of the period of widespread adoption in Europe
  of colonialism and mercantilism as national policies.
  - Discoverers Web (archived)
    Links and information on voyages of discovery.
  - Society for the History of Discovery: Discover History: Terrae Incognitae (current)
    Geographical discovery and voyages of exploration.
* European Exploration | Britannica.com
* European Voyages of Exploration (pdf): Images
  - Chronology of European Exploration of Asia
  - European Exploration of Africa
  - European Exploration of North America
  - Exploration of the Americas
  - Exploration of the Pacific
  - Timeline of European Exploration
    Covers European exploration from 1418 to 1957.
* List of Explorations
  - Famous Explorers - List of Most Important Explorers
  - List of Explorers
  - TLW's Explorerscope™, by T.L. Winslow (TLW), "The Historyscoper"™
* Mariners' Museum and Park - America's National Maritime Museum
  - Ages of Exploration


Christopher Columbus - Conservapedia and The Descendants of C. Columbus
Christopher Columbus, the Book of Mormon, and the Gathering of Israel
Columbus: Fulfillment of Book of Mormon Prophecy | Religious Studies Center
Why Did Nephi Prophesy of Christopher Columbus? | ScriptureC
"Columbus when he was invited to a banquet where he was assigned the most
honorable place at the table, and served with the ceremonials which were
observed towards sovereigns.  A shallow courtier present, who was meanly
jealous of him, abruptly asked him whether he though that in case he had
not discovered the Indies, there were not other men in Spain who would have
been capable of the enterprise?  Columbus made no reply, but took an Egg
and invited the company to make it stand on end.  They all attempted it, but
in vain; whereupon he struck it upon the table so as to break one end, and
left it standing on the broken part, illustrating that when he had once shown
the way to the new world nothing was easier than to follow it."  [J. Smith, Jr.]
After Christopher Columbus returned to Spain from his 1492–1493 expedition
to San Salvador, Cuba, and Hispaniola, other European explorers began their
voyages to North America.  In 1497 John Cabot explored the coasts of Labrador,
Newfoundland, and New England. Juan Ponce de León explored Florida and
part of the Yucatán Peninsula in the early 1500s. In 1519 Hernán Cortés invaded
Mexico and subsequently spent several years conquering the Aztecs.

CITIZENSHIP and NATURALIZATION
* Birthright Citizenship around the World | Library of Congress
  - Citizenship by Birthright: Countries with Birthright Citizenship 2024
    “Right of Blood” and “Right of Soil” if the Child is Born in a Foreign Country.
    Newborn children acquire citizenship either by "right of blood" or "right of soil".
    In the first case, it is based on the citizenship of the parents, and in the second
    case, it depends on the country of birth. Both principles apply in some countries.
* Citizenship: [Citizenship Laws of the World (pdf) - Jus sanguinis- Jus soli]
* Citizenship & Naturalization Records - Ancestry
* Citizenship - The World Factbook
* Cyndi's List - Naturalization & Citizenship
* Nationality Law and Naturalization
* North America: USA & Canadian Naturalization & Citizenship Records
  - Canada Citizenship and Naturalization Records
    - Canada Naturalization and Citizenship • FamilySearch
    - Immigration and Citizenship - Canada.ca
    - immigrationDirect™
      Canadian Immigration & Citizenship Form Services.
  - United States Nationality Law
    - Immigration Direct®
    - Naturalization Records | National Archives
    - United States Naturalization and Citizenship Online Genealogy Records • FamilySearch
    - USCIS - United States Citizenship and Immigration Services
      Official website of the Department of Homeland Security.
      - Citizenship and Naturalization | USCIS
      - Genealogy | USCIS
      - Immigration & Naturalization Service: Agency History | USCIS


COLONIZATION and HISTORY: Colonialism | Colonization | Exploration
Extension of a nation's sovereignty over territory and people outside its own boundaries,
often to facilitate economic domination over their resources, labor, and markets.
* Analysis of European Colonialism and Colonization
* Asia and the Americas and the Iberian Empires
  Atlantic History - Oxford Bibliographies
* Atlantic History and Hemispheric History - Atlantic History - Oxford Bibliographies
  - Africa and the Atlantic World - Atlantic History - Oxford Bibliographies
  - British Atlantic World - Atlantic History - Oxford Bibliographies
  - Dutch Atlantic World - Atlantic History - Oxford Bibliographies
  - French Atlantic World - Atlantic History - Oxford Bibliographies
  - Histories and Historiographies of the Atlantic World
    Atlantic History - Oxford Bibliographies
  - Iberian Atlantic World, 1600-1800 - Atlantic History - Oxford Bibliographies
  - Portuguese Atlantic World - Atlantic History - Oxford Bibliographies
  - The Idea of Atlantic History - Atlantic History - Oxford Bibliographies
* Colonial Voyage: Colonial History & Travel in World Countries
* Continental America - Atlantic History - Oxford Bibliographies
  - Native American Histories in North America - Atlantic History - Oxford Bibliographies
  - Native American Networks - Atlantic History - Oxford Bibliographies
  - Native Americans and the Atlantic World - Atlantic History - Oxford Bibliographies
* History of Colonialism: Index of Possessions & Colonies
  - Colonial Empire: List of Colonial Empires
  - Colonies in Antiquity
  - Colonisation of Africa
  - European Colonization of the Americas: First Wave and later Decolonization
    - British Colonization - Curonian Colonization - Danish Colonization
      Dutch Colonization - French Colonization - German Colonization
      Italy Colonization: Hospitaller Colonization - Portuguese Colonization
      Russian Colonization - Scottish Colonization - Spanish Colonization
      Swedish Colonies in the Americas - Welsh Settlement in the Americas
    - Timeline of the European Colonization of North America
      - Colonial History of the United States
      - Former Colonies and Territories in Canada
      - Norse Colonization of North America (Vikings)
  - Europeans in Oceania
  - Settler Colonialism (Global)
* Ideologies of Colonization - Atlantic History - Oxford Bibliographies
* Imperialism: Imperialism by Country
  - Western Imperialism in Asia

REGIONAL MOVEMENTS: Diaspora: List of Diasporas
* A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
* Emigration & Emigrants | The National Archives
* European Emigration: European Immigration to the Americas
* Global Mobility and Migration Resources - Research Guides at Ohio State University
  - Networks for Migrations and Mobility - Atlantic History - Oxford Bibliographies
* List of Sovereign States by Immigrant and Emigrant Population
* Migrations and Diasporas - Atlantic History - Oxford Bibliographies
* Moving Here - 200 years of Migration to England  (archived)
  - Browse By Topic (archived): Catalogue and Website Search (archived)
    A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z (archived)
  - Links to Related Useful Websites (archived)
  - Migration Histories (archived): Introduction to Migration Histories (archived)
    - Caribbean (archived)
    - Irish (archived)
    - Jewish (archived): Records in Other Countries (archived)
    - South Asian (archived): Records in Other Countries (archived)
  - Moving Here | Partners (archived)
* News, Media and Travel
* North American: Emigration to North America
  - American Journeys
    Eyewitness Accounts of Early American Exploration and Settlement.
  - American Settlements and Migrations
    Primer for genealogists and family historians.
  - Immigration and Ethnic History Society
    Study of the history of immigration to the United States
    and Canada from all parts of the world.
  - Nature and Origins of Emigration to America (archived)
    Emigrant ancestry in the 16th and 17th centuries.
* North American: Canada
  - Pier 21 | Canadian Museum of Immigration
  - Project MUSE - Canadians and Their Pasts
* North American: United States:
  - Facts About American Immigration | HW Wilson (Book): Table of Contents (pdf)
    The largest portion of the book (Parts II–VI) is divided by region: Europe, Africa, Asia,
    the Americas, and Oceania.  Each part begins with a brief introduction to the region,
    followed by a series of articles focusing on specific countries or groups of countries
    within that region.  Articles include tables and graphs that summarize and portray
    statistical information relating to that group's immigration, as well as specific Internet
    and print resources.  Each regional section concludes with tables and graphs
    summarizing the pattern of immigration from the region, plus regional Internet
    and print resources.
  - Immigration to the United States: 1789-1930 | Harvard Library
    - Immigration to the United States, 1789-1930 - CURIOSity Digital Collections
* The Encyclopedia of Global Human Migration
  Major Reference Works - Wiley Online Library.
  - Anglo-Saxon Migrations - Hills (Sample access to the full version of an article.)
    References and further reading, adds valuable resources, such as:
    - Kings and Kingdoms of Early Anglo-Saxon England | Dr Barbara Yorke | T
      (16 genealogical & regnal tables help to elucidate the history of the royal houses.)
  - Atlantic Historical Migrations, 1500–1965 - Keeling (Free Sample Access)
  - Borderlands - Chen (Free Sample Access)
  - Ethnic Enclaves and Niches - Zhou  (Free Sample Access)
  - Family Migration - Yeoh (Free Sample Access)
  - Forced Migration - Chatty (Free Sample Access)
  - Japan: Colonization and Settlement - Taylor (Free Sample Access)
  - Jewish Migration, Antiquity - Gruen  (Free Sample Access)
  - Table of Contents | The Encyclopedia of Global Human Migration
    Migration A-Z (Master Index) contains Article Abstract | Full text | PDF |
    References and further reading  | Request permissions
* WILEY Online Library: Articles & Chapters: genealog* : Search Anywhere
  - Population-Scale Kinship Networks - Koylu
  - Social mobility: The potential of a genealogical approach - Hoskins - 2019
    British Educational Research Journal - Wiley Online Library (Sample) . . .
    [We suggest that there is potential for drawing on a genealogical approach
    to researching social mobility and developing policy interventions to improve
    employment destinations taken by students of all abilities. We contend that
    future studies should pay greater attention to households, family inheritance
    and capital accumulation as these are a more useful and reliable measure
    of mobility than male income differentials.]
  - The Intergenerational Transmission of Memory:
    Soviet Photographs and Practices - Werneke - 2024 - The Russian Review
  - The Ruling Families of Rus: Clan, Family and Kingdom
    [Book Review: "The Ruling Families of Rus";]
  - Towards a complete North American Anabaptist genealogy:
    A systematic approach to merging partially overlapping genealogy resources.
    Agarwala - 1999 - American Journal of Medical Genetics.
  - World Migration Report - Wiley Online Library
    Migration and migrants: A global overview - 2024

TRANSPORTATION and MIGRATION PATTERNS: Transport: Portal:Transport
GENEALOGY and FAMILY HISTORY DATA: Topic Outline of Transport
* General Information and Data Resources: Maritime Transport / Seamanship
  Tracing Immigrants Search Strategies • FamilySearch
  Transport Research International Documentation - TRID: Thesaurus (TRT)
  - CIMO - Cimorelli Immigration Manifests Online
  - Cyndi's List - Ships & Passenger Lists
  - Deutsche Auswanderer-Datenbank (DAD)
    Historisches Museum Bremerhaven: German emigrants database.
  - Genealogy/Locating the Previous Overseas Residence - Wikibooks
  - Guide to Immigration Records and Ship's Passenger Lists-Table of Contents (archived)
  - Immigrant Ship Information (archived)
  - Immigrant Ships Transcribers Guild
  - Immigrants Ancestors Project
    Uses emigration registers to locate information about the birthplaces
    of immigrants in their native countries, which is not found in the port
    registers and naturalization documents in the destination countries.
  - Immigration & Travel
  - Immigration in Latin America - Latin American Studies - Oxford Bibliographies
    - Slavery in Brazil - Latin American Studies - Oxford Bibliographies
      - Brazil Slavery and Bondage • FamilySearch
    - The Black Experience in Colonial Latin America
      Latin American Studies - Oxford Bibliographies
  - Merchants' Networks - Atlantic History - Oxford Bibliographies
    - Atlantic Trade and the European Economy - Atlantic History - Oxford Bibliographies
    - Merchants in the Atlantic World - Atlantic History - Oxford Bibliographies
  - Miramar Ship Index: Other Useful Sites
    Comprehensive index to ships and their histories, covering iron & steel sailing ships,
    powered merchant ships (over 100grt) and warships, since the early 19th century.
  - Ocean Travel, Military, and Immigration Archival Collections
    Gjenvick-Gjønvik Archives are the ultimate destination for those
    individuals seeking to dive into the past through ephemera.
  - Online Ship Passenger Lists and Records
  - Passenger Lists on the Internet (archived)
  - ShipIndex: a vessel research database
  - Transatlantic Migration: Transatlantic Crossing
    Movement of people across the Atlantic Ocean in order
    to settle on the continents of North America and South America.
    - Documenting Slave Voyages
      Emory University's massive digital memorial that shines new light
      on one of the most harrowing chapters of human history.
    - Image Galleries
      Visual record of the African slave trade
      and slave life in the early African Diaspora.
    - Images of Enslavement and the Slave Trade (ThoughtCo.)
    - Slave Movement During the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries
      Caribbean Studies and Resources at Yale.
    - Slave Voyages
      Provides information about vessels, routes, and the people
      associated with them, both enslaved and enslavers.
    - The Atlantic Slave Trade - Atlantic History - Oxford Bibliographies
    - The Caribbean - Atlantic History - Oxford Bibliographies
    - The Rise and Fall of the Slave Trade | OpenLearn - Open University
    - Trans-Atlantic Passenger Ships, Past and Present (pdf)
  - United States Emigration and Immigration • FamilySearch
    - U.S. Immigration and Emigration Class Handout • FamilySearch
* Maritime History: Maritime History Virtual Archives
  - Glossary of Nautical Terms and Abbreviations | Nomad Sailing
    - 1814-Sailors glossary.pdf
    - Glossary of Nautical Terms - Deep Blue Sea Training
    - Scarborough Maritime Heritage Centre | Nautical words
  - Mother of All Maritime Links
    - History A to M
    - History N to Z
  - USA: National Maritime Historical Society
    - Maritime History on the Internet: Maritime Resources
    - Museums, Organizations & Historic Sites: Maritime Museums Online
    - Naval History and Heritage Command
    - Sea History Index (Browse search terms by letters A-Z)
      - Sea-History-Index-1-185-Hyperlinked.pdf
* Oceans: Borders of the Oceans / Portal:Oceans and Seas: List of Seas on Earth
  - Oceanic History - Atlantic History - Oxford Bibliographies
  - Oceanography: List of Oceanographic Institutions and Programs
  - Oceans - Atlantic History - Oxford Bibliographies
    - The Atlantic Ocean and India - Atlantic History - Oxford Bibliographies
    - The Pacific - Atlantic History - Oxford Bibliographies
  - Port: Lists of Ports
    - British American Port Cities - Atlantic History - Oxford Bibliographies
    - Cyndi's List - Ports of Departure
    - Cyndi's List - Ports of Entry
    - Distance & Transit Time Calculator - SeaRates
      Sea ports distance calculation; sea routes between ports.
      - Sea Distance Calculator | ShipTraffic.net
    - Historical Ports: (PDF) History of the Ports
      - Ancient Coastal Settlements, Ports and Harbours | Ancient Ports - Ports Antiques
        - Links on Ancient Ports on Ancient Ports Antiques | Ancient Ports - Ports Antiques
      - Early Modern Ports, 1500–1750 — EGO
      - Ports as Tools of European Expansion | EHNE (16th - 21st Centuries)
    - List of Ports & Harbours of the Atlantic Ocean
    - List of Ports and Harbours of the Indian Ocean
    - List of Ports & Harbors of the Pacific Ocean
  - Ship Information: Maritime Transport
    - Crew Lists and Logbooks: Crew List Index Project
    - Cyndi's List - Ships & Passenger Lists
    - Golden Age of Piracy: A Resource Guide - Research Guides at Library of Congress
      Spanned the period from approximately AD 1650 to AD 1726, in the Caribbean, along
      the North American eastern seaboard, the West African coast, and the Indian Ocean.
    - History of the Shipping Industry - Ships and Ship Registers: Sources of Information
      Research Guides at Library of Congress. (Introduction)
      - Databases and Internet Resources
      - International Registers & Lists
      - Passenger Travel
      - United States Registers & Lists
    - List of Ship Companies: List of Passenger Ship Companies
      - Cruise Ship | Companies, Names, & History | Britannica
      - Steamship Lines Archival Collection | GG Archives
    - Lloyd's Register
      - Lloyd's Register Of Ships Online | Archive & Library | Heritage & Education Centre
        - Catalog Record: Lloyd's Register of British and Foreign Shipping
        - Catalog Record: Lloyd's Register of British and Foreign Shipping
        - Lloyd's Register of Shipping
    - Manifest Markings
      Guide to interpreting immigration passenger lists markings, or annotations.
    - Palmer List of Merchant Vessels
    - Ships and Shipping - Atlantic History - Oxford Bibliographies
    - ShipIndex: a vessel research database
* Rivers and Waterways:
  - List of Rivers of Africa
  - List of rivers of Antarctica
  - List of Rivers of Asia
  - List of Rivers of Central America and the Caribbean
  - List of Rivers of Europe
  - List of Rivers of Oceania
  - List of Rivers of the Americas
    - US Migration Rivers and Lakes • FamilySearch
  - List of Waterways
    - Canal: Research Links
      - American Canal Society
      - Boating Overseas
      - Central American Canal Index Pages
      - George's: Canal Boating in the U.K. and Europe / North America
      - History of Canals - Chronology (archived)
      - List of Canals by Country
      - List of Interoceanic Canals
      - List of Transcontinental Canals
      - South America Canal Index Pages
      - The General History of Inland Navigation - Google™ Books
      - US Migration Canals • FamilySearch
    - Cyndi's List - Canals, Rivers & Waterways
* United States: Immigration to the United States:
  [All Articles & Chapters / WILEY Online Library]
  - American Migration Patterns (archived)
    - Cyndi's List - Migration Routes, Roads & Trails
    - Historic Trails and Roads in the United States: Portal:U.S. Roads
      - Early American Roads and Trails (archived)
      - Historical American Trails, Roads, Paths and Migration Routes (archived)
      - US Migration Trails and Roads • FamilySearch
    - History of the West Coast of North America
    - Railroads: Sources for Historical Research
      Research Guides at Library of Congress
      - Associations, Research Collections & Other Internet Resources
        Railroads: Sources for Historical Research - Research Guides at LOC.
      - History of Railroads and Maps | Articles and Essays
        Railroad Maps, 1828-1900 | Digital Collections | Library of Congress.
      - US Migration Railroads • FamilySearch
  - Castle Garden: New York Passenger Lists, (1820-1891)
    Access to database on millions of immigrants,
    from 1820 through 1892, the year Ellis Island opened.
  - Cyndi's List - Ports of Entry
  - Early American History - Research Guides at Library of Congress
  - Hispanic Family History Resources • FamilySearch
    - History of Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States
  - Immigrant Records at the National Archives | National Archives
  - Immigrant Servants Database
    Records of colonists: indentured servants, convict servants,
    and redemptioners, who settled south of New England, as
    found in American and European sources, from 1607 through 1820.
  - Immigration History Research Center
    College of Liberal Arts | University of Minnesota.
    - Research & Public Programming
  - Immigration Research Articles
  - Indentured Servants, Apprentices, and Convicts: Finding Family Histories at the LOC
  - Mystic Seaport Museum - Collections & Research: Indexes
    Online resources from the museum of America and the sea.
  - Statue of Liberty National Monument: Statue of Liberty — Ellis Island Foundation
    - Ellis Island
      - Cyndi's List - Ellis Island
      - Ellis Island and New York Immigration
      - Ellis Island Immigration Facts
      - Expanded Ellis Island Immigrant Records 1820-1957 Online
        - New York, New York Passenger and Crew Lists, 1909, 1925-1957
        - New York Passenger Arrival Lists (Ellis Island), 1892-1924
      - Searching the Ellis Island Database in One Step
    - Liberty Island: Statue of Liberty Museum
  - United States Emigration and Immigration • FamilySearch
    - Find the U.S. Immigration Ports Your Ancestors Used
    - Tips for Determining Your Ancestor's Port of Arrival in the US
    - United States Immigration Online Genealogy Records
  - US Immigration Passenger Arrival Records • FamilySearch
  - US Migration Railroads • FamilySearch
  - US Ports of Arrival & their Available Immigration Records - Passenger Lists
    Includes Canadian and Mexican Border Crossing Records.
  - Virtual Jamestown
    State of Virginia, USA.
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INHERITANCE: Court & Legal - Estate (law) - Probate - Will and Testament
* GLOSSARY: Glossary Of Terms | Probate, Inheritance Tax, Executor, Obituary
  HM Revenue & Customs: Inheritance Tax: Glossary of Terms (archived)
  Shows | Fox Business: Strange Inheritance (Search for Inheritance / Strange Inheritance)
* USA: Real Property, Trust and Estate Law Section (RPTE) - American Bar Association
  - AM Best's Consumer Insurance Information Center
    Glossary of insurance terms.
  - Estate Plan Bundle | LegalZoom
  - Estate Planning - Create an Online Will and Trust | Trust & Will
  - Estate Planning Links — Estate planning resources for consumers and professionals
  - Guide to Wills, Estates, and Probate Court | California Courts | Self Help Guide
  - Last Will And Testament Template - Free Last Will PDF | FormSwift
  - Links — Do Your Own Will - Free On-line Will
  - Probate Records • FamilySearch
  - Where There's a Will, There's a Probate - Untied States Probate Research (pdf)
  - Wills Trusts & Estates - Menu
  - Wills, Trusts & Probate | Nolo
* WORLDWIDE: Legal History of Wills
  - Administration (Probate law): Probate
  - Beyond the Index--Michael John Neill - A $31.44 Inheritance (archived)
  - Blake & Blake Genealogists
    Finding missing heirs and international probate research.
  - Cyndi's List - Wills & Probate
  - Inheritance | Definition, History, Issues, & Facts | Britannica.com
    - Wills and Testaments - Genealogy.com
  - International Bibliography: Directory
    Ancient, medieval and early modern wills and probate inventories.
  - Last Wills and Testaments - Renaissance and Reformation - Oxford Bibliographies
  - Principal Probate Registry: Category:England Probate Records
    Wills and Probate Records | United Kingdom - British Isles.
    - Applying for Probate
    - England Probate Records
    - Find a Soldier's Will
    - Find an Archive in the UK and Beyond | The National Archives
    - HM Courts & Tribunals Service - GOV.UK
    - Probate Series | British Record Society
    - Search Probate Records for Documents and Wills (England and Wales)
    - Toms Wills - the index to UK wills 1931-1939
    - Wills & Probate Resources: Medieval To Modern Records
    - Wills 1384-1858 - The National Archives
    - Wills and Administrations after 1858 - The National Archives
    - Wills and administrations before 1858 - The National Archives
    - Wills and Probate Records - Society of Genealogists: How to Use Probate Records
    - Wills and Probate before 1858: further research - The National Archives (archived)
    - Wills and Probate Records - National Library of Wales: Search for Wills
  - Probate Records - MyHeritage Wiki
  - Search Results for "Probate Records by Country" • FamilySearch
  - What’s in a Probate Record and How to Use it for Genealogical Research
    BYU Library - Family History: James Tanner (10 Sep 2023) - YouTube™
  - Wills, Probates, Land, Tax & Criminal - Ancestry.com
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LAND and PROPERTY  FARM ORIGINS - H-Rural | H-Net - RECORDS:
AGRICULTURE: History of Farming & Cities - Topic Outline of Agriculture
The basic ancestry and historical setting of mankind since Adam and Eve,
in all nations and history of the organization of work, have been involved
in farming. "More of the world's aggregate manpower is devoted
to agriculture than to all other occupations combined."
Reference: Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Online Article.
* Agriculture and Horticulture - Research Guides at Library of Congress
* Agriculture Resources on the Internet 2022/2023 - Marcus P. Zillman (pdf)
* Acropolis Museum - World's Food and Agricultures (archived)
* ALHFAM - Association for Living History, Farm and Agricultural Museums - Index
  - Affiliated Institutions & Organizations – Agricultural Museums
  - Publications – International Association of Agricultural Museums
* Cyndi's List - Land Records, Deeds, Homesteads, Etc.
* Homemaking Handbook: for Village Workers in Many Countries (pdf)
* Horticulture: Category:Horticulture
  - Horticulture | Definition, Types, Techniques, & Uses | Britannica
  - ISHS | International Society for Horticultural Science: ISHS Membership Lists
  - Plants Portal | Britannica: Global Plants on JSTOR
* Map of Worldwide Croplands | U.S. Geological Survey
  - Free GIS Datasets - Categorised List
* Museum of English Rural Life: Collections A-Z - The MERL - Search our Databases
  - The Green and Pleasant Land Images
* Old Farmer's Almanac
  - Farmers' Almanac
  - Poor Richard's Almanack
  - The Old Farmer's Almanac: The Old Farmer's Almanac for Kids
* Portal:Agriculture (Agronomy | Definition, Description, & Facts | Britannica)
  - Agriculture Network Information Collaborative
    Knowledge Discovery System for Agriculture.
  - Agricultural Science (Agronomy)
  - Cyndi's List - Farming & Agriculture
  - Databases & Web Resources - Agricultural Science
    Research Guides at Rutgers University.
  - Extension Foundation – A Partner to Cooperative Extension
    Making an Impact Across the Cooperative Extension System.
  - Federation of Animal Science Societies (FASS)
  - International Association of Agricultural Information Specialists (IAALD)
* Portal:Food: Food Engineering
  - Employment in Agriculture: Data Sources and Definitions - Our World in Data
    Share of the labor force employed in agriculture in selected locations (1300-2019).
    - Farming in the U.S. | American Experience | Official Site | PBS (pdf)
    - The Story of U.S. Agricultural Estimates (pdf)
      In 1790, the census showed about 4 million people;
      over 90 percent gainfully employed were in agriculture.
  - Environment Web Directory - Science:Agriculture
  - Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations: FAOLEX Database
    - Family Farming Knowledge Platform: Network
      Family farming is the predominant form of agriculture both in developed and
      developing countries. There are over 500 million family farms in the world.
      Family farmers are embedded in territorial networks and local cultures, ranging
      from smallholder to medium-scale farmers, and include peasants, indigenous
      peoples, traditional communities, fisher folks, mountain farmers, pastoralists
      and many other groups representing every region and biome of the world. It can
      be asserted that the Apostle Peter and some associates belonged to the designated
      class of Small-scale Fisheries and Aquaculture, during the lifetime of Jesus Christ;
      who were firmly rooted in local Galilean communities, traditions and values.
      - Countries & Regions
        Facts and information on family farming related issues by country and region.
      - Resources
      - Small Family Farmers
        About 90 percent of the world's 570 million farms are owned & operated by families.
        - What do we really know about the number and distribution of farms and family
          farms worldwide? Background paper for The State of Food & Agriculture 2014. (pdf)
      - Themes
  - How People Made a Living in the Time of Jesus | Resources | American Bible Society
  - Want to Be Faithful? Think Like a Farmer
* RSS - Rural Sociological Society
  - International Development and Studies (IDEaS)
  - Rural Sociology - Rajendra Kumar Sharma - Google™ Books
* USDA: United States Department of Agriculture: Topics | USDA
  - Agriculture's Lasting Heritage
  - American Farm Bureau Foundation for Agriculture: Ag Literacy Resources
  - Death of the Dream - Farmhouses in the Heartland. | Library of Congress
  - George Washington's Mount Vernon
    - The Washington Library Center for Digital History
  - National Agricultural Library
    One of the world's largest collections devoted to agriculture and its related sciences.
    - Agricultural History - National Agricultural Library Search Results
    - Biographies - National Agricultural Library Search Results
    - Special Collections at the Library | National Agricultural Library
      Preserving USDA and Agricultural History; housing rare books, manuscript collections,
      nursery & seed trade catalogs, photographs, posters, & related history of agriculture.
    - Visual Arts - National Agricultural Library Search Results
  - National Agriculture in the Classroom: Welcome to AgLab
    - Educational Resources
    - Growing A Nation: Historical Timelines
      Interactive timeline of the history of agriculture in the United States.
  - National Grange of the Order of Patrons of Husbandry
    - History of the National Grange, the Order of Patrons of Husbandry (archived)
    - Member Resources - The National Grange
    - National Grange of The Order of Patrons of Husbandry: Our Roots
  - National Society Descendants of American Farmers: Our Ancestors | NSDOAF
  - Online Resources - Agriculture Research Guide
    LibGuides at Michigan State University Libraries
    - Core Historical Literature of Agriculture | Cornell University Library Digital Collections
      United States history cannot fully be understood (in compiling family genealogy
      and history global pedigrees), without studying its rural life and agricultural heritage.
      - Background of this Collection: Much of what defines the national character
        of Americans, our cultural values and morés, is rooted in our agrarian past.
        The farm family was the basic social unit molding American life for nearly 200 years.
      - Cornell University Library Digital Collections
        - HEARTH - Home Economics Archive: Research, Tradition, History

PROPERTY: List of Terms for Administrative Divisions - Real Estate
Real property is a legal term encompassing real estate and ownership interests in real
estate (immovable property). It is a type of property differentiated from personal property.
* Deed and Homestead Principle
  - Family Deeds - A Family History Website - British Isles: County Index
  - Introduction to History in Deed: Medieval Society & the Law in England, 1100–1600
    - Deeds of Wivenhoe Property, Books about Wivenhoe, Mediaeval Essex
* Land Record Reference (English Feudal Land System and United States Land data.)
* Manorialism: Manorialism - World History Encyclopedia Manorial Records
  - Cumbrian Manorial Records - What is a Manor?
  - England Manor Courts - International Institute • FamilySearch
  - Introducing Manorial Records - Google™ Books:
    Unlocking the Mysteries of the Manor for Family Historians.
    - Manorial Records for Family Historians, 2nd ed. – Family Roots Publishing
  - Manorial Documents Register (England and Wales)
    - A Guide to Manorial Documents - Archives Sector
  - Manorial Lordships and Feudal Titles (archived)
    - Lord of the Manor: Manor House
  - Seigneurial System of New France
  - Similar Land Tenure Systems in Other Parts of the World
  - Toward a Theory of Medieval Manorial Adjudication
    The Nature of Communal Judgments in a System of Customary Law.
* Maps in Genealogy: Geography & Maps
  - A Brief Introduction to World Regional Geography – Simple Book Publishing
  - General Maps  |  Digital Collections  |  Library of Congress
    Worldwide large-scale maps such as individual land surveys,
    county land ownership maps and atlases, large-scale topographic
    maps and thematic maps showing economic activity.  These maps
    show the cultural modification of a physical landscape as settlers
    established their farmsteads and villages, constructed the connecting
    transportation systems and named their surroundings.
    - Articles and Essays
    - Collection Items: Subjects in General Maps
      A B C D E F G H  I  J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z #
    - Online Collections Listed by Theme
* Real Estate: Real Estate Education Throughout the World - Google™ Books
  Past, Present, and Future
  - Chudley and Greeno's Building Construction Handbook - Google™ Books
    The authoritative reference for all construction students and professionals.
    - Chudley and Greeno's Building Construction Handbook | WorldCat.org
  - Complete Real Estate Encyclopedia (pdf)
    From AAA Tenant to Zoning Variance and Everything in Between.
  - Concise Encyclopedia of Real Estate Business Terms - Google™ Books
  - Depreciation Handbook | LexisNexis Store
  - Dictionary of Real Estate Terms
  - Encyclopedia of Real Estate Terms | Real Estate Terms | Property Terms
  - Facility Manager's Handbook: Joseph-F-Gustin
  - Handbook of Commercial Real Estate Investing - Review on JSTOR
    - Professional Property Development - Google™ Books
  - International Real Estate
    - Browse by Section
    - Global: Global Perspectives
    - Real Estate Topics
  - Living FAMILY and FUN Portal - Real Estate
  - Mortgage Encyclopedia - Google™ Books
    Authoritative Guide to Mortgage Programs, Practices, Prices and Pitfalls.
  - Real Estate Dictionary on the App Store
  - Real Estate Investment Handbook
* USA:
  - Bureau of Land Management - GLO Records
    - Pathfinder
    - Reference - BLM GLO Records
    - Search - BLM GLO Records
  - Cyndi's List - Land Records, Deeds, Homesteads, Etc.
  - Homestead Acts: PBS - Frontier House: Frontier Life - Homestead History
    - Homesteading: Homesteading (archived)
    - Homesteading Family
    - Original Homestead.org | Learn Homesteading Skills Online Now
    - Rural Living - Worldmapper: Rural Living - Facebook®
  - Landownership Maps and Atlases, Available Online | Library of Congress
    Collections include both maps and atlases that were produced
    primarily for the purpose of showing landownership.
    - County Land Ownership Maps in the Library of Congress through 1900
    - Exploring County Land Ownership Maps | Worlds Revealed
    - Historic Land Ownership Maps & Atlases Online
    - Land Ownership Maps in the Library of Congress
    - Maps at the Library of Congress - YouTube™
    - MARC Record: Land Ownership Maps : :: Library Catalog
  - Land Records Research Directory (archived)
  - LandGate | Property Values: Glossary
  - Legal Land Descriptions in the USA (archived)
  - Trump: The Art of the Deal
  - Using Townships In Your Research (archived)
  - Virtual Museum of Surveying
* Wills, Probates, Land, Tax & Criminal
  Court, Land, Wills and Financial - Ancestry®.
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LOOKUPS and VOLUNTEERS: Volunteering
* 50 Free Genealogy Sites to Search Today
* About Google™ Books (Advanced Search)
* Artificial Intelligence Discovery and Detection Tools 2025 (pdf)
  Comprehensive series of competent miniguide resources and sources
  that are currently freely available on the Internet; constantly updated.
* Artificial Intelligence: Artificial Intelligence | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
  - 7 Best AI Search Engines to Use as Google™ Alternatives
    - Perplexity (Where Knowledge Begins)
      - Can This A.I.-Powered Search Engine Replace Google™?
        It Has for Me. - The New York Times.
      - (Sample Search: "Thomas Milton Tinney, Sr.")
  - 7 Best AI-based Search Engines Popular in 2024
  - 9 AI Search Engines to Know | Built In
  - 15 Largest AI Companies in 2024 | Stash Learn
  - 62 Artificial Intelligence (AI) Companies to Know | Built In
  - ai and Artificial Intelligence - Google™ Scholar
  - Artificial Intelligence (AI): What it is and Why It Matters | SAS
  - Artificial intelligence - Expert Systems, Algorithms, Automation | Britannica
  - Best AI Search Engines to Try in 2024
  - Best AI Search Engines of 2024: Google, Perplexity, and More | ZDNET
  - ChatGPT | OpenAI
  - Empowering Genealogists with Artificial Intelligence - National Genealogical Society
  - Forbes 2024 AI 50 List - Top Artificial Intelligence Startups
  - ‎Gemini - Chat to Supercharge Your Ideas (Google™)
  - Genealogist’s Guide to Artificial Intelligence
  - Genealogy and Artificial Intelligence (AI) | Facebook®
    Explore the intersection of genealogy and artificial intelligence (AI).
    Harness the power of new AI-based technologies; its benefits and limitations.
  - Glossary of Artificial Intelligence
  - List of the Best 30 AI Search Engines | 2024 | Aixploria
  - Microsoft Copilot in Bing - Your Everyday AI Companion.
  - Timeline of Artificial Intelligence
  - Writing a Family History Using AI Chat - James Tanner (21 Jan 2024) - YouTube™
* Book Lookups - General - Genealogy.com
* Books We Own
  Look-Up Resource for International Genealogical Research.
* Can't Find My Past - Facebook®
  Offering a mix of Genealogy History, news and public interest content.
* Chat Reference Libraries - LISWiki (archived)
  - Ask a Librarian - Library of Congress
    - Ask a Librarian: Local History & Genealogy - Ask a Librarian
  - Help and Learning - FamilySearch: One-on-One Help
* Create and Maintain Family Associations or Organizations • FamilySearch
  - Directory of Family Associations - Google™ Search
  - Family Organizations • FamilySearch
* Cyndi's List - Lookups & Free Searches by Volunteers
* Cyndi's List - Societies & Groups
* Cyndi's List - Surnames, Family Associations & Family Newsletters
* Cyndi's List - Volunteer Projects
* Directories - FFI: About - FFI (Family Firm Institute)
  Educating, connecting, and inspiring professionals who serve family enterprises;
  that help perpetuate multi-generational, or trans-generational family enterprise.
* Family History Search with Historical Records - SuperSearch - MyHeritage
  - MyHeritage Blog
  - MyHeritage Users Group | Facebook®
* Free Family Lookup - Govtsearches.com
* Free Genealogy Lookup (Ancestral Findings.com)
* Free Obituary Look Ups
* Gen Gathering
  Global gathering of researchers and genealogists that "give and take".
* Genealogy Discussions - Geni
* Genealogy Research Groups • FamilySearch
  Find the assistance you need from real people in real time in Facebook® groups,
  FamilySearch Community, and other miscellaneous Groups and Website pages.
  - Genealogy on Facebook® List – Katherine R. Willson
  - Join a Facebook® Genealogy Research Community
* Genealogy Resources 2023 - Marcus P. Zillman
* Genealogy World Family Tree CD List
* GenForum Message Boards - Genealogy.com
* GenLookups - Obituary Archive Search and Marriage Records Search
* LookupUK.com - Lookup United Kingdom - Main Menu
* Message Boards - Ancestry.com
  Over 25 million posts on more than 198,000 boards.
  - Message Boards - Lookups
* NGO Directories - Non-Governmental Organizations
  Research Guides at University of Michigan Library.
  - Genealogy Research - Research Guides at University of Michigan Library
    - Search for "Family History"- Research Guides at University of Michigan Library
    - Search for Genealogy - Research Guides at University of Michigan Library
* Random Acts of Genealogical Kindness Wiki
  USA and International Volunteers.
  - Random Acts of Genealogical Kindness - RAOGK USA
  - RAOGK - Random Acts of Genealogical Kindness
    Global volunteer international organization.
* Record Lookups - General - Genealogy.com
* Research and Learning
* Rhonda's Links to Look Up Volunteer's
* Search Results for "lookup" • FamilySearch
* Social Work: Using Social Media for Genealogy Research
  - The Best Social Media Accounts for Genealogy: Evidence Explained
    - The Organized Genealogist | Facebook®
* Surname Newsgroups: Blogs, Genealogy Newsletters and Periodicals
* The Family History Guide: Research: Introduction - Vault
  - Family History for Youth - Places and Cultures
    Get to know more about families around the world.
* Who Can Find People?
  - Community Forums & Chat Directories
  - Internet
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SOCIAL SECURITY RECORDS: Social Welfare Spending (Country or Region)
INTERNATIONAL ORIGINS and PROGRAMS: Occupations
* Guild
  Association of Master craftsman (Artisan) in a particular trade.
  The earliest guilds were formed as confraternities of workers.
  - Apprenticeship - Journeyman - Master Craftsman - Tradesperson
* Portal:Organized Labour / Categories - Template:Organized Labor (Trade Union)
  - International Association of Labour History Institutions | IALHI: Social History Portal
    - WWW Virtual Library Labour History
  - International Labour Organization | ILO
    - ILO | Social Protection Platform
    - Regions and Countries
    - Research and Publications
      Evidence and policy options.
    - Social Security Policy and Development
    - Topics and Sectors
* Social Security Programs Throughout the World
  Highlights the principal features of social security programs in more than
  170 countries: old-age, survivors, and disability; sickness and maternity;
  work injury; unemployment and family allowances.
  - International Social Security Association (ISSA): Country Profiles
    Comprehensive information, news, data and analysis
    on social security developments worldwide.
  - Pension: Pensions & Aging Overview (The World Bank)
    The most dramatic aging worldwide is projected to take place
    in low and middle-income countries.
    - Pension Systems by Country
  - Social Security History
    Historical background and Development of Social Security,
    from Pre-Social Security traditional sources, through the rise
    of formal systems of economic security and American Welfare.
    - Detailed Chronology of Social Insurance & Social Security
  - Social Security in Other Countries | Albania to Zimbabwe
  - Timeline of Railway History: Railroad History
    - Cyndi's List - Railroads - Records: Administrative, Employment and Pensions
    - Finding your Railroad Ancestors
      Resources for tracing ancestors who worked for the railroad.
    - How to Find Your Railway Ancestors
    - Location of Railroad Genealogical Materials - USA  (archived)
    - OpenRailwayMap: World Map - Major Rail Network
      - Historic Roads and Trails (Before Railroads)
      - Rail Transport by Country: History of Rail Transport
        Index of articles on rail transport by Country.
      - Railway Maps of the World (Map, 2011) [WorldCat.org]
      - Results for 'su:Railroads History Maps.' [WorldCat.org]
      - Transit Maps of the World | [WorldCat.org]
      - World Railway Map – FlowingData: Earth_Transit
    - Rail UK Railway Staff (archived): Railway Workers - The National Archives
    - Railroad Job Records - United States | Ancestry® Family History Learning Hub
    - Railroad Retirement Board Records | National Archives
      - Records of the Railroad Retirement Board
        Web version is updated from time to time to include records processed since 1995.
    - Railroad Retirement Handbook | RRB.Gov
    - Researching Old Railroad Records to Find Family Members
    - Riding the Rails Up Paper Mountain | National Archives
    - RRB.Gov - U.S. Railroad Retirement Board
    - U. S. Railroad Retirement Pension Index, 1934-1987
  - Unemployment Benefits - World Bank Group
    Key aspects of unemployment benefit schemes across the world that presents
    information on their characteristics in a cross-country comparative context.
  - USA: Social Security - United States
    - CPSR - Frequently Asked Questions on SSNs and Privacy
      - Social Security Number
      - Structure of Social Security Numbers
    - Cyndi's List - United States - U.S. Social Security
      Social Security - SSDI & Other Databases Online.
    - Searching the Social Security Death Index in One Step
    - Social Security | Cato Institute
    - U.S., Social Security Death Index, 1935-2014
      Includes deaths reported to SSA, up to mid-March 2014.
      The SSDI no longer provides up-to-date death records
      for individuals who have passed away after mid-March 2014.
    - United States Social Security Administration | SSA
    - United States Social Security Administration Records • FamilySearch
      - United States, Social Security Numerical Identification Files (NUMIDENT), 1936-2007
      - United States Social Security Death Index beginning in 1962
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VITAL RECORDS: Multinational and Worldwide:
World provides Civil Registration and Vital Statistics from UN Statistics Wiki
Search the available Knowledgebase link query section bar, by Country name.
This includes current updates, and any missing information data in the page tree.
GENERAL: Vital statistics (government records)
* Birth Certificate (Birth)
* Civil Registration (Registro Civil)
* Death Certificate (Death)
* History and Social Studies
  Timelines, date conversions and period resources.
* Living FAMILY and FUN Portal - Marriage & Family Ties
* Marriage Statutes and Dissolution of Marriage:
  - Common-law Marriage
  - Divorce Law by Country (Divorce)
  - Marriage License (Marriage)
  - Marriageable Age
    Marriage age at which a person is allowed to marry,
    either as of right or subject to parental or other forms of consent.
  - Wedding
* Vital Records Around the World
  Vital records—birth certificates, marriage certificates, death certificates
  and divorce decrees—are some of the best resources to help build a family tree.
  Access guides, links and databases of vital records in countries around the world.
  - International Vital Records Handbook. 7th Edition: Births, Marriages, Deaths:
    Application Forms and Ordering Information for the Vital Records You Need.
  - International Vital Records Handbook | WorldCat.org

SPECIFIC: Documentation and Identity Records
* Bible Records: Genealogies in the Bible: Complete Bible Genealogy
  - Alphabetic History of Civilization: Ancient and Modern Genealogies: Jacob - Israel
  - Bible and Biblical Resources
  - Bible Records - MyHeritage Wiki: Family Bible - MyHeritage Wiki
  - Bible Records Online: Family Bible Records
  - Cyndi's List - Family Bibles
  - Family Bible Records | Ancestry®
  - Family Bible Records — FamilySearch Community
  - Family Bible Website: Family Bible Websites
  - Index to Online and Offline Early Bible Records
  - Search Results for "Bible Records" • FamilySearch
    - United States Bible Records • FamilySearch
  - World Ancestry - Roots In Antiquity
* Birth - Marriage - Death - Other - Vital Records: Genealogy Roots Blog
  - Birth, Baptism & Christening - Ancestry
  - Birth, Marriage & Death - Ancestry
  - Birth, Marriage & Death - MyHeritage
  - Cyndi's List - Births & Baptisms
  - FamilySearch.org
    Free family history and genealogy records.
    - Search Historical Records
      Search with a life event: Birth - Marriage - Residence - Death - Any.
    - Search results for "Birth, Marriage, and Death Records" • FamilySearch
  - Free International Birth Records Information
    Cohen's online birth indexes, transcriptions and records.
  - Google™ Book Search
    Vital statistics subject: "Registers of births, etc".
  - IGI: International Genealogical Index
  - International Vital Records - English, Canadian, Irish, Polish, Australian, German, Italian
    Foreign vital records, adoption resources, genealogy help and investigators.
  - VitalChek®: Official Vital Records Blog brought to you by VitalChek®
    Official service provider for hundreds of government agencies
    throughout the United States and US Territories; order online.
* Death Records:
  - Birth, Marriage & Death - MyHeritage
  - Cyndi's List - Death Records
  - Death, Burial, Cemetery & Obituaries - Ancestry
  - Death Record Sources: Cemeteries, Funeral Homes and Obituaries
* Marriage Records: Celestial Marriages and Eternal Families
  - Birth, Marriage & Death - MyHeritage
  - Cyndi's List - Marriages & Divorce
  - Genealogy is Important to Mormons Because They Believe In Eternal Families.
  - Google™  Book Search
    Vital records subject: "Marriage customs and rites" .
  - Marriage & Divorce - Ancestry
  - Moses 1 . . . And the first man of all men have I called Adam, which is many.
    . . . . For behold, this is my work and my glory--to bring to pass the immortality
    and eternal life of man. Adam, of necessity, acquired the full Temple patriarchal
    priesthood endowment and royal Keys of the Sealing Powers, to allow him thereafter,
    (after his initial baptism and readmission into the presence of God), to authoritatively
    perform the Temple marriage sealing ordinances for all of his righteous posterity; as
    well as to designate, or ordain, by the laying on of hands, full patriarchal succession.
    This included the power to see by the Spirit of the Lord; to see the world upon which
    he was created, and the ends thereof, and all the children of men which are, and
    which were created, past, present, and future; as well as to behold the earth, yea,
    even all of it; and there was not a particle of it which Adam did not behold, discerning
    it by the Spirit of God. And he, Adam, beheld also all of his own posterity; all future
    inhabitants thereof, and there was not a soul which he beheld not; and he Adam,
    discerned them by the Spirit of God; and their numbers were great, even numberless
    as the sand upon the sea shore. And he, Adam, also beheld many lands; and each
    land was called earth, and there were inhabitants on the face thereof. "And Adam
    stood up in the midst of the congregation, and notwithstanding he was bowed down
    with age, being full of the Holy Ghost, predicted whatsoever should befall his posterity
    unto the latest generation. These things were all (carefully) written in the Book of Enoch,
    and are to be testified of in due time." Adam and Eve were truly, exceedingly intelligent.
    They will return to the earth. Adam With His Posterity in the Valley of Adam-Ondi-Ahman.
  - The Choice That Began Mortality
  - The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints: Adam and Eve in Mormonism
  - The Fall of Adam and Eve
  - The History of Human Marriage - Google™ Books
  - The History Of Human Marriage (6 Vols. Set) - Google™ Books
  - The Marriage of Adam and Eve: Ritual and Literary Elements | Religious Studies Center
  - The Temple and the Natural Order of Marriage
  - What We Learn About Marriage from the Garden of Eden | Meridian Magazine
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VITAL RECORDS IN COUNTRIES WORLDWIDE:
List of Sovereign States & Dependent Territories by Continent
* Archives and Knowledge Management
  Scholarly online resource evidence and records.
  - Compiled Guide | Columbia University Libraries (archived)
  - Research Guides by Subject | Columbia University Libraries
* Birth Registration Rights
  - UNICEF: Research and Reports | UNICEF
    - Child Protection from Violence, Exploitation and Abuse:
      What is Birth Registration and Why Does it Matter?
      Apart from being the first legal acknowledgment of a child's existence,
      registration of births is fundamental to the realization of a number of rights
      and a number of practical needs including:
      - Effectively countering forced marriage of young girls
        before they are legally eligible, without proof of age.
      - Enforcing laws relating to minimum age for employment,
        assisting efforts to prevent child labor.
      - Ensuring that children enroll in school at the right age.
      - Getting a passport, opening a bank account,
        obtaining credit, voting or finding employment.
      - Protecting children from harassment by police
        and other law enforcement officers.
      - Protecting children who are trafficked,
        [or placed into prostitution], including
        [their full restoration] through repatriation
        and family reunion.
      - Protecting young people from underage
        military service or conscription.
      - Providing access to health care.
      - Providing access to immunization.
      - Securing the child's right to a nationality,
        at the time of birth or at a later stage.
    - The 'Rights' Start to Life (archived): [Download a PDF Copy] (archived)
      Statistical analysis of birth registration worldwide.  Identity by registration
      allows children access to health care, education and social assistance.
      Among other key protections, it provides a safeguard against illegal adoption,
      early marriage, forced recruitment and trafficking, and can help reunify those
      who have been separated from their families.
* Category:Vital Records Genealogy - FamilySearch Wiki
* Children's Rights
  Basic human rights of children, with particular attention to the rights
  of special protection and care afforded to the young.
* Cultures of Present-day Nations and States : Wikis (archived): Religion & Culture
  Information on culture by country is available for every country,
  including both de jure and de facto independent states, inhabited
  dependent territory, as well as areas of special sovereignty.
* Dependencies and Areas of Special Sovereignty
* Early History of the Law of Guardianship of Children:
  From Rome to the Tenures Abolition Act 1660.
* Fetal Rights
   Legal rights accorded to fetuses or to ethical rights of fetuses.
* Independent States in the World: Fact Sheets
* International Vital Records Handbook. 7th Edition - Genealogical.com
  Requirements and fees needed to obtain copies of vital records vary from state to state
  and from country to country. This 2017 edition offers complete, up-to-date information
  on where and how to request vital records, including copies of some application forms.
* List of National Identity Card Policies by Country
  - Identity Document
    Piece of identification (ID) document verifying aspects of a person's identity.
  - National Identification Number
* Worldwide Comparisons and Experience of Thomas Milton Tinney, Sr.
  There was previously, 7 Billion Others in the world; and Current World Population . . .
  At the same time, the LDS Church Membership Exceeds 17 Million. I think it is interesting
  that the website VGraphs shows that Christianity expanded from an initial restart during
  Jesus Christ's mortal ministry, to increase and become the largest religion in the world,
  as to its total population, in the year AD 1850, having an estimated number: 343,795,266
  followers. In AD 1830, it was in second position behind Chinese Folk Religion and before
  Hinduism. So, it does seem like a parallel foundation to The Church of Jesus Christ of
  Latter-day Saints, and that the LDS restoration was in God's own due time. It should be
  remembered from a clear, historical missionary perspective, that it was the real question
  in the inquiring mind of young man Joseph Smith, Jr., concerning the Smith's family
  confusion on which Christian religion was true, that brought to pass the First Vision.
  So, it was God the Father, knowing all Eternal things, beforehand, that brought forth
  by the testimony in the Book of Mormon, concerning its validity; that those sincerely
  asking, could receive the same confirmation, by the power of the Holy Ghost; to stop
  all sad contention worldwide, dealing with many unauthorized, limited, & man made
  religious belief systems. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints promotes
  The Father as Patriarch; by example, former Elder Eldred G. Smith. If the Lord's Gift
  of another general authority, belonging to the seed of Hyrum Smith's descendants,
  was received and sustained by the LDS; they could promote a children's World Book.
  I'm sure this would be a great task and move along the Church's missionary work,
  in a swift and timely manner, with great potential for worldwide positive success.

  Family Lineages - GREEN (E) - THOMPSON and TINNEY - HARDIN
  As a retired Family Representative, who has compiled both parents'
  ancestry and subsequent descent data, from common ancestors, I
  have been particularly astonished by the number of times when an
  untimely and unexpected death of the little ones within a family,
  has become the nexus or center point from which the total family
  unit has been preserved, due to the emotional attachment and loss
  suffered by both the father and mother.  I know, because my mother
  lost her eldest son in death as a teenager, and was moved deeply.

  Caring for the Souls of Children: Child, Children - Children of Christ
  I feel therefore, that we should see the world from the viewpoint of
  Jesus Christ, in my opinion.  He will save all children who die before
  the age of eight.  By His blood & body.  So the question is, of the many
  millions who die on a regular basis, of the many billions since Adam
  and Eve, who are children who will in fact inherit the celestial glory,
  what records are being kept?  At any given time on the Lord's earth,
  besides over 17 million Church members; all children under eight, are
  they not now directly under the jurisdiction of Jesus Christ?  Being so,
  should not an exceedingly valiant worldwide effort be made to find
  them, record their names, and preserve their records for eternity?
  In particular, send missionaries to mourn with parents having loss;
  and teach them the gospel of Jesus Christ.  And, if not able to presently
  convert them, at least teach the fathers and mothers to preserve memories,
  thus providing the families a father's blessing, a Book of Remembrance.
  After all is said and done, the Bible and Book of Mormon, the Pearl of
  Great Price, many sections of the Doctrine and Covenants, are sourced
  anciently from original family records, the Book of Remembrance of Adam & Eve.

  Creating a World Book Registry of Children who have died before (8) years of age.
  Abortion is the Leading Cause of Human Death Worldwide - Americans United for Life
  Abortion Statistics - Worldometer is accumulated from Jan 01 at 00:00 up to now.
  Every year in the world there are around 73 million induced abortions, according to
  the World Health Organization; daily corresponds to approximately 200,000 abortions.
  In the United States of America, there are between 1,500 to 2,500 abortions per day.
  Child and Infant Mortality - Our World in Data: Maternal Mortality - Our World in Data
  Child mortality is one of the world's largest problems. Around 6 million children under
  15 die per year. That's around 16,000 deaths every day, or 11 every minute.
  - CME Info - Child Mortality Estimates: Resources - UNICEF WeShare (2024)
    Most recent stillbirth, under-five mortality, child and adolescent mortality estimates.
  - Global Child Deaths Reach Historic Low in 2022 – UN report
  - Mortality in the Past: Every Second Child Died - Our World in Data (updated Nov 2024)
    A best-guess-estimate of the total number of humans ever born before 2020. is about
    117 billion. About 102 billion were born before 1850. Applying a child mortality rate of
    50% for all births before 1850 means that a bit more than 50 billion children have died
    throughout human history. Yet, (beginning with Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden),
    there were a multitude of generations, living healthy lives; almost a 1,000 earth years.
    Historical data going back 2,500 years suggests that, on average, 27% of the newborns
    died in the first year of life. However, many of the patriarchal servants of God received
    many wives and concubines, going all the way back to the beginning of man's creation.
    World Population Since Creation, concerning the Old Testament time period between
    Adam and Noah, (using rates appropriate for the present world), multiplies it to over (3)
    billion people on earth at the time of Noah; other estimated Deluge rates to 137 billion.
    What is the Surface Area of the Earth? - Universe Today notes 70% of the Earth's surface
    is covered by water. Earth's continents cover the remaining 149 million km(2). It therefore
    is very self evident, that when the Second Coming of the Lord Jesus Christ occurs; His
    Voice alone, a voice as the voice of many waters, and as the voice of a great thunder.
    He will break down the mountains, and the valleys shall not be found (D&C 133); for it,
    the earth will be returned to its paradisiacal glory; indicating size of a unified land mass
    will become larger upon the face of the earth. He shall command the great deep, and it
    shall be driven back into the north countries, and the islands shall become one land. So,
    a proper estimate of world population over time, from the days of Adam and Eve, cannot
    be determined without earth surfaces and climates being like as it was in the days before
    it was divided; and the Millennium population billions will not be subjects of debilitation.
    It should also be noted the Arctic formerly was water; the Antarctic region was cultivated
    in ancient days; and a relative smoothness of the earth's surface suggests that the tilling
    of the earth was to be universally done; so that the Earth could sustain billions of people.
    [Research Note: It should be carefully noted that prior to the days of Peleg, Antarctic land
    mass was connected to other current continents; also, that the Arctic is not a permanent,
    but present temporary ice cap; and will be warmed as the great deep is driven back north.
    Creating extensive land surface upon earth, suggests a deeper northern Ocean reservoir;
    remembering also, that from Eden's massive spring flowed water divided into four heads,
    watering the whole earth: the Tigris, Euphrates, Pison, and Gihon regional river systems.
    The Garden of Eden, the Ancient Temple, & Receiving a New Name | Religious Studies C.]
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NORTH AMERICA: (Preface - Global Country Pages) - North America / Map
* COMPREHENSIVE: Topic Outline of North America
  - BBC NEWS | Americas | Country Profiles
  - North America | Encyclopedia.com
* COUNTRIES:
  - Canada: Preface - Canada - Canada / Country / Documents / Map
    Canada | Encyclopedia.com: Universities - Education
    - Canada.pdf
    - Canadian Families Project (archived): viHistory (archived) - Links (archived)
      - Research Note: The Canadian Families Project - ScienceDirect
    - Culture of [Canada: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Canada
      - A Scattering of Seeds - The Creation of Canada
      - Canada.ca: History and Heritage
      - Canadian Library Association | National Voice for Canada's Library Communities
        - Canadian Association of Research Libraries
          - Institutional Repositories
          - Partners & Relations
      - Canadian Studies: Canadian Studies | University of Toronto Libraries (LibrarySearch)
        - ICCS International Council for Canadian Studies
          - Member Associations and Associate Members
      - Digitization - Library at University of Calgary: Digital Collections
      - Library and Archives Canada
        - Collections Access and Research Help
        - Genealogy and Family History
        - Research Guides and Tools
          - A to Z Research Tools and Guides
      - Search results for Canada - North America | Library of Congress
        - Search results for Canada - North America - Research Guides at Library of Congress
    - Genealogy: A Free Guide to Researching Your Ancestors
    - Indigenous Studies Research Resources: | Simon Fraser University Library
    - Institute of Indigenous Research and Studies | Faculty of Arts | University of Ottawa
    - Vital Statistics Council for Canada [Member Organisations]: Provinces & Territories
      - Preface - Alberta - Alberta.pdf
      - Preface - British Columbia - British Columbia.pdf
      - Preface - Manitoba - Manitoba.pdf
      - Preface - New Brunswick - New Brunswick.pdf
      - Preface - Newfoundland and Labrador - Newfoundland.pdf
      - Preface - Northwest Territories (Northwest T. Timeline) - Northwest Territories.pdf
      - Preface - Nova Scotia (Nova Scotia Births, Marriages, and Deaths) - Nova Scotia.pdf
      - Preface - Nunavut - nunavut_genealogy_eng.pdf
      - Preface - Ontario.ca - Ontario.pdf
      - Preface - Prince Edward Island - Prince Edward Island.pdf
      - Preface - Québec - Quebec.pdf
        - The Data base (Quebec, French Canada) - PRDH-IGD: Links - PRDH-IGD
      - Preface - Saskatchewan | Archives (Genealogy Search) - Saskatchewan.pdf
        - Family History Research | The Provincial Archives of Saskatchewan
      - Preface - Yukon (Free eBooks: North West Territories / Yukon History)
        - Births, Marriages and Deaths | Government of Yukon
        - Search Yukon Archives Collections | Government of Yukon
        - Yukon_First_Nations_Clans.pdf
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  - United States of America: Preface - United States of America
    United States / Country / Documents / Map
    United States | Encyclopedia.com: Universities: Education
    - Culture / Culture of [United States: Introduction] - Topic Outline of the United States
      - American History
      - Clio - Guide to History and Culture - United States
      - Ethnic and Race: The Family History Guide / Ethnic and Race Americans
        - Preface - African Americans / African Americans
        - Preface - American Jews / American Jews, or Jewish American
        - Preface - Asian Americans / Asian Americans
        - Preface - Atlantic Ocean and Its Islands Americans / Atlantic O. & Its I. Americans
        - Preface - Australasia | N. Z. Americans / Australasia: Australian & N. Z. Americans
        - Preface - Canadian Americans / Canadian Americans
        - Preface - European Americans / European Americans
        - Preface - Hispanic & Latino Americans / Hispanic and Latino Americans
        - Preface - Middle Eastern Americans / Middle Eastern Americans
        - Preface - Native Americans in the United States / Native Americans - United States
        - Preface - Pacific Islander Americans / Pacific Islander Americans
        - Preface - West Indian (Caribbean) Americans / West Indian (Caribbean) Americans
        - Preface - White Americans / White Americans
      - Group Organizations
      - Libraries in the United States (archived)
        - Print Collections - Genealogical Research in Government Documents
          Library Guides at University of Missouri Libraries.
      - Search results for "United States of America" | Library of Congress
        - Search results for "United States of America" - Research Guides at LOC
    - FamilySearch.org: Site Map - News and Information
    - Genealogy & Population
    - General Resources
    - Social Security Records
    - State:State.pdf - (U.S.)
      State & Local Family History - Universities: Education
      - STATE: Area U.S. Multi-Regional: (Regions/States: United States)
        - North East United States
        - North West United States
        - South East United States
        - South West United States
        - Southern United States
        - Western United States
      - State (Local Government} Resources
        - State & Local Business, Auto Insurance, & Government Contacts
         USA Maps
         [Regional Genealogy and Universities: Education are Internal Links]
         Topic Outline is State (Wikipedia® comprehensive listing of resources)
        - Preface - Alabama Genealogy: Alabama State Agency Databases - Alabama.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Alaska Genealogy: Alaska State Agency Databases - Alaska.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Arizona Genealogy: Arizona State Agency Databases - Arizona.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Arkansas Genealogy: Arkansas State Agency Databases - Arkansas.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - California Genealogy ::: California State Agency Databases - Ca.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Colorado Genealogy: Colorado State Agency Databases - Colorado.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Connecticut Genealogy: Connecticut State Agency Databases - CT.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Delaware Genealogy: Delaware State Agency Databases - Delaware.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Florida Genealogy: Florida State Agency Databases - Florida.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Georgia Genealogy: Georgia State Agency Databases - Georgia.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Hawaii Genealogy: Hawaii State Agency Databases - Hawaii.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Idaho Genealogy: Idaho State Agency Databases - Idaho.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Illinois Genealogy: Illinois State Agency Databases - Illinois.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Indiana Genealogy: Indiana State Agency Databases - Indiana.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Iowa Genealogy: Iowa State Agency Databases - Iowa.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Kansas Genealogy: Kansas State Agency Databases - Kansas.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Kentucky Genealogy: Kentucky State Agency Databases - Kentucky.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Louisiana Genealogy: Louisiana State Agency Databases - Louisiana.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Maine Genealogy: Maine State Agency Databases - Maine.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Maryland Genealogy: Maryland State Agency Databases - Maryland.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Massachusetts Genealogy: Mass. State Agency Databases - MA.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Michigan Genealogy: Michigan State Agency Databases - Michigan.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Minnesota Genealogy: Minnesota State Agency Databases - Minnesota.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Mississippi Genealogy: Mississippi State Agency Databases - MS.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Missouri Genealogy: Missouri State Agency Databases - Missouri.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Montana Genealogy: Montana State Agency Databases - Montana.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Nebraska Genealogy: Nebraska State Agency Databases - Nebraska.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Nevada Genealogy: Nevada State Agency Databases - Nevada.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - New Hampshire Genealogy: NH State Agency Databases - NH.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - New Jersey Genealogy: New Jersey State Agency Databases - NJ.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - New Mexico Genealogy: New Mexico State Agency Databases - NM.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - New York Genealogy: New York State Agency Databases - New York.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - North Carolina Genealogy: NC State Agency Databases - North Carolina.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - North Dakota Genealogy: North Dakota State Agency Databases - ND.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Ohio Genealogy: Ohio State Agency Databases - Ohio.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Oklahoma Genealogy: Oklahoma State Agency Databases - Oklahoma.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Oregon Genealogy: Oregon State Agency Databases - Oregon.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Pennsylvania Genealogy: Pennsylvania State Agency Databases - PA.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Rhode Island Genealogy: Rhode Island State Agency Databases - RI.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - South Carolina Genealogy: SC State Agency Databases - S. Carolina.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - South Dakota Genealogy: South Dakota State Agency Databases - SD.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Tennessee Genealogy: Tennessee State Agency Databases - Tenn.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Texas Genealogy: Texas State Agency Databases - Texas.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Utah Genealogy: Utah State Agency Database - Utah.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Vermont Genealogy: Vermont State Agency Databases - Vermont.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Virginia Genealogy: Virginia State Agency Databases - Virginia.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Washington Genealogy: Washington State Agency Databases - WA.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Washington DC Genealogy: DC State Agency Databases - DC.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - West Virginia Genealogy: West Virginia State Agency Databases - WV.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Wisconsin Genealogy: Wisconsin State Agency Databases - Wisconsin.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
        - Preface - Wyoming Genealogy: Wyoming State Agency Databases - Wyoming.pdf
          - Map - Regional Genealogy - Topic Outline - Universities: Education
      - Territories of the United States: Dependent Territory
        - Cyndi's List - United States - U.S. Territories & Possessions
        - Insular Area
    - United States Vital Records • FamilySearch
      - Familyrelatives.com | Search Collection - USA
      - Get Copies of Vital Records and ID Cards | USAGov
      - National Center for Health Statistics | CDC
        - NVSS - National Vital Statistics System
        - Where to Write for Vital Records - Foreign Birth and Death Certificates
      - Online Genealogy Records and Resources
      - Online U.S. Vital Records: Birth, Marriage, Death (BMD)
      - Order Your Vital Records Online | VitalChek
      - Records Requests Archive | Reclaim The Records
      - Vital Records in the United States - Vital Records US
        Includes sub sites for all United States counties.
      - Vital Records - Birth Certificates, Death Records, Marriage Licenses and more
        Vital records from each state, territory and county.
      - Vital Records | National Archives
      - VitalSearch-Worldwide.com:State Search Portal
    - United States Research Outline.pdf
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MIDDLE AMERICA: (Preface - Global Country Pages) - Middle America
* COMPREHENSIVE: Topic Outline of Middle America (Americas)
  - Ancient Cultures of Middle America: Mesoamerica
  - BBC NEWS | Americas | Country Profiles
  - Middle America | Encyclopedia.com
* COUNTRIES:
  - Caribbean Region
  - Central America
  - Mexico: Preface - Mexico - Mexico / Country / Documents / Map
    Mexico (Country, North America) | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
    - Culture of Mexico [Mexico: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Mexico
      - AMBAC – Mexican Association of Librarians, AC
      - Artes e Historia México (archived)
      - Colecciones Mexicanas (archived)
      - Life Patterns and Social Differentiation (pdf)
        among Common People in Late Colonial Mexico City. Americas largest
        urban entity Mexico City, (AD 1770 to 1820 population circa 80,000 to 120,000).
      - Mexicana Collection, 1540-1889
      - Search results for Mexico - Middle America | Library of Congress
        - Search results for Mexico - Research Guides at Library of Congress
    - LANIC
    - National Registry Mexico - Search for People in RENAPO
      Civil registry offices in Mexico.
      - RENAPO National Population Registry of Mexico
        - CURP Unique Registry Key of the Population of Mexico
        - People in Mexico - Search in National Registry RENAPO
    - Mexico States
    - Mexico.pdf
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CARIBBEAN REGION: Preface (More Countries: Caribbean) - Caribbean / Map
* COMPREHENSIVE: Culture of Islands of the Commonwealth Caribbean
  Topic Outline of the Caribbean
  - Arts and Culture of the Caribbean Region
  - Association of Caribbean University, Research and Institutional Libraries (ACURIL)
    -  ACURIL Cyberlinks (archived)
  - BBC NEWS | Americas | Country Profiles
  - Caribbean Region | Encyclopedia.com
  - Caribbean Sea | Definition, Location, Map, Islands, & Facts | Britannica: Summary
    - Antilles | Islands, Map, & Facts | Britannica
    - Greater and Lesser Antilles Summary | Britannica
      - Greater Antilles | Islands, Map, & Countries | Britannica
      - Lesser Antilles | Maps, Facts, & Geography | Britannica
    - West Indies | Islands, People, History, Maps, & Facts | Britannica
  - Caribbean Studies - Oxford LibGuides at Oxford University
  - Caribbean Studies - Research Guides at Library of Congress
    - Search Results for "Caribbean Islands", Available Online | Library of Congress
  - Digital Collections - Latin American & Caribbean Studies Library Guides at UChicago
  - Digital Library of the Caribbean: Digital Library of the Caribbean
    - Collections and Partners - Digital Library of the Caribbean
      Over ninety (90) Partners and over forty (40) Associate Partners, who are based
      in the Caribbean region, Canada, Europe, and the United States of America.
  - IRIS PAHO - Pan American Health Organization
    Institutional Repository for Information Sharing and PAHO.
    - Organization and Status of Civil Registration and Vital Statistics
      In countries of the English-speaking Caribbean.
  - LACLI - Resources for Latin American, Caribbean, Latinx, and Iberian Studies
  - LANIC
  - Latin American and Caribbean Studies | University of Miami Libraries
  - Latin American & Caribbean Studies Collection – U of I Library
    - Libraries and Archives in LA&C - Latin American & Caribbean Studies
      LibGuides at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
  - MAC’s Member Museums – Museums Association of the Caribbean
* COUNTRIES: Research: Caribbean, Preface
  - ISLAND COUNTRIES and AREAS:
    - Anguilla: Preface - Anguilla - Anguilla / Country / Documents / Map
      Anguilla | Encyclopedia.com: UK American Dep. - Universities: Education
      - Culture of [Anguilla, West Indies (archived)] - Topic Outline of Anguilla
        - Search results for Anguilla - Caribbean | Library of Congress
          - Search results for Anguilla - Research Guides at Library of Congress
    - Antigua & Barbuda: Preface - Antigua & Barbuda
      Antigua & Barbuda / Country / Documents / Map
      Antigua and Barbuda | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
      - Culture of [Antigua & Barbuda: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Antigua & Barbuda
        - Birth, Marriage and Death Certificates – ABHCUK
        - Search results for "Antigua and Barbuda" Caribbean | Library of Congress
          - Search results for "Antigua and Barbuda" - Research Guides at Library of Congress
      - LANIC
    - Aruba: Preface - Aruba - Aruba / Country / Documents / Map
      Aruba | Encyclopedia.com: Netherlands American Dep. - Universities: Education
      - Culture of [Aruba: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Aruba
        - BNA – Biblioteca Nacional Aruba
        - Search results for Aruba - Caribbean | Library of Congress
          - Search results for Aruba - Research Guides at Library of Congress
      - LANIC
    - Bahamas: Preface - Bahamas - The Bahamas / Country / Documents / Map
      Bahamas, The | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
      - Culture of [Bahamas: Introduction] - Topic Outline of The Bahamas
        - Bahamas: Genealogy Resource Guide - Library of Congress
        - Search results for Bahamas - Caribbean | Library of Congress
          - Search results for Bahamas - Research Guides at Library of Congress
      - LANIC
    - Barbados: Preface - Barbados - Barbados / Country / Documents / Map
      Barbados | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
      - Culture of [Barbados: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Barbados
        - Barbados: Local History & Genealogy Resource Guide - Library of Congress
        - Search results for Barbados - Caribbean | Library of Congress
          - Search results for Barbados - Research Guides at Library of Congress
      - LANIC
    - Cayman Islands: Preface - Cayman Islands
      Cayman Islands / Country / Documents / Map
      Cayman Islands | Encyclopedia.com: UK American Dep. - Universities: Education
      - Culture of [Cayman Islands: Introduction] - Topic Outline of the Cayman Islands
        - Cayman Islands (archived)
        - Search results for "Cayman Islands" Caribbean | Library of Congress
          - Search results for "Cayman Islands" - Research Guides at Library of Congress
      - LANIC
    - Cuba: Preface - Cuba - Cuba / Country / Documents / Map
      Cuba | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
      - Cuba Resources and Links | FIU Cuban Research Institute
      - Cuba.pdf
      - Cuban Genealogy Research | University of Miami Libraries
      - Cuban Genealogy Research | Heritage Collection Resources | U of M Libraries
      - Cuban Genealogy Research External Resources | U of M Libraries
      - Cuban Heritage Collection | University of Miami Libraries
        - Archival & Manuscript Materials | U of M Libraries
        - Digital Collections | U of M Libraries
        - Research Guides | U of M Libraries: Research Tips | U of M Libraries
      - Culture of Cuba [Cuba: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Cuba
        - ASCUBI - Biblioteca Nacional de Cuba José Martí
        - Population of Cuba: Data and Analysis
        - Search results for Cuba - Caribbean | Library of Congress
          - Search results for Cuba - Research Guides at Library of Congress
      - LANIC
    - Curacao: Preface - Curaçao - Curacao / Country / Documents / Map
      Curacao | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
      - Culture of [Gobièrnu di Kòrsou - Informashon Ofisial] - Topic Outline of Curaçao
        - Search results for Curaçao - Caribbean | Library of Congress
          - Search results for Curaçao - Research Guides at Library of Congress
    - Dominica: Preface - Dominica - Dominica / Country / Documents / Map
      Dominica | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
      - Culture of [Dominica: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Dominica
        - Search results for Dominica - Caribbean Area | Library of Congress
          - Search results for Dominica - Research Guides at Library of Congress
      - LANIC
    - Dominican Republic: Preface - Dominican Rep. - DR / Country / Documents / Map
      Dominican Republic | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
      - Culture of Dominican Republic and Haiti [DR: Introduction] - Topic Outline of DR
        - CUNY Dominican Studies Institute: CUNY Dominican Studies Institute
          - Digital Resources | The City College of New York
        - Dominican Republic: Local History & Genealogy Resource Guide - LOC
        - Search results for "Dominican Republic" Caribbean | Library of Congress
          - Search results for "Dominican Republic" - Research Guides at Library of Congress
      - Dominican Republic.pdf
      - LANIC
    - Grenada: Preface - Grenada - Grenada / Country / Documents / Map
      Grenada | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
      - Culture of [Grenada: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Grenada
        - Search results for Grenada - Caribbean | Library of Congress
          - Search results for Grenada - Research Guides at Library of Congress
      - LANIC
    - Guadeloupe: Preface - Guadeloupe
      French West Indies / Territory / Documents / Map
      Guadeloupe | Encyclopedia.com: French American Dep. - Universities: Education
      - Culture of [Guadeloupe | Mom] - Topic Outline of Guadeloupe
        - Search results for Guadeloupe - Caribbean | Library of Congress
          - Search results for Guadeloupe - Research Guides at Library of Congress
      - LANIC
      - Saint Barthelemy: Preface - St Barthelemy
        French West Indies / Territory: Territory / Documents / Map
        - Culture of [Saint-Barthélemy | Mom] - Topic Outline of Saint Barthélemy
          - Mémoire St Barth | Histoire de l'île de Saint-Barthélemy
          - Search results for "Saint Barthelemy" Caribbean | Library of Congress
            - Search results for "Saint Barthelemy" - Research Guides at Library of Congress
    - Haiti: Preface - Haiti - Haiti / Country / Documents / Map
      Haiti | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
      - Culture of Haiti [Haiti: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Haiti
        - Search results for Haiti - Caribbean | Library of Congress
          - Search results for Haiti - Research Guides at Library of Congress
      - Freedom in the Black Diaspora: A Resource Guide for Ayiti Reimagined - LOC
      - LANIC
    - Jamaica: Preface - Jamaica - Jamaica / Country / Documents / Map
      Jamaica | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
      - Culture of [Jamaica: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Jamaica
        - Jamaica Library Service - JLS
        - Jamaica: Local History & Genealogy Resource Guide - Library of Congress
        - Library and Information Association of Jamaica
        - National Library of Jamaica – Explore. Discover. Connect.
        - Search results for Jamaica - Caribbean | Library of Congress
          - Search results for Jamaica - Research Guides at Library of Congress
      - LANIC
      - Registrar General's Department
    - Leeward Islands: Preface - Leeward Islands
      Leeward Islands / Islands Area / Documents / Map
      Leeward Islands | Encyclopedia.com: United Kingdom American Dependencies
      - Culture of the [Leeward Islands] - Topic Outline of the Leeward Islands
        - Search results for "Leeward Islands" Caribbean | Library of Congress
          - Search results for "Leeward Islands" - Research Guides at Library of Congress
    - Martinique: Preface - Martinique
      French West Indies / Territory / Documents / Map
      Martinique | Encyclopedia.com: French American Dep. - Universities: Education
      - Culture of [Martinique | Mom] - Topic Outline of Martinique
        - Search results for Martinique - Caribbean | Library of Congress
          - Search results for Martinique - Research Guides at Library of Congress
      - LANIC
    - Montserrat: Preface - Montserrat - Montserrat / Territory / Documents / Map
      Montserrat | Encyclopedia.com: UK American Dependencies - Universities: Education
      - Culture of [Montserrat (archived)] - Topic Outline of Montserrat
        - Search results for Montserrat - Caribbean | Library of Congress
          - Search results for Montserrat - Research Guides at Library of Congress
    - Netherlands Antilles: Preface - Netherlands Antilles
      Netherlands Antilles (archived) / Dissolution / Documents / Map
      Netherlands Antilles | Encyclopedia.com: Neth. Am. Dep. - Universities: Education
      - Culture of [Dissolution - Netherlands Antilles] - Topic Outline - Netherlands Antilles
        - Search results for "Netherlands Antilles" Caribbean | Library of Congress
          - Search results for "Netherlands Antilles" - Research Guides at Library of Congress
    - Puerto Rico: Preface - Puerto Rico - Puerto Rico / Territory / Documents / Map
      Puerto Rico | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
      - Culture of [Puerto Rico] - Topic Outline of Puerto Rico
        - CentroPR | Center for Puerto Rican Studies
        - Fundación Puertorriqueña de las Humanidades - Sitio Official
          - EnciclopediaPR – Project of Humanities Puerto Rico: EnciclopediaPR
        - Puerto Rican Studies Association
        - Puerto Rico - Census Reports & Statistics
          LibGuides at University of Texas at San Antonio.
        - Search results for "Puerto Rico" Caribbean | Library of Congress
          - Search results for "Puerto Rico" - Research Guides at Library of Congress
        - Sociedad de Bibliotecarios de Puerto Rico - Facebook®
      - LANIC
      - Puerto Rico! Visitor Information, History, Government, Geography, and Culture
      - Puerto Rico.pdf
    - Saint Kitts & Nevis: Preface - Saint Kitts & Nevis
      Saint Kitts & Nevis / Country / Documents / Map
      Saint Kitts and Nevis | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
      - Culture of [Saint Kitts & Nevis: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Saint Kitts & Nevis
        - Historic St. Kitts: Historic Basseterre - Google™ Books
        - Search results for "Saint Kitts and Nevis" Caribbean | Library of Congress
          - Search results for "Saint Kitts and Nevis" - Research Guides at Library of Congress
      - LANIC
    - Saint Lucia: Preface - Saint Lucia - St. Lucia / Country / Documents / Map
      Saint Lucia | Encyclopedia.com (St. Lucians) - Universities: Education
      - Culture of [Saint Lucia: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Saint Lucia
        - Search results for "Saint Lucia" Caribbean | Library of Congress
          - Search results for "Saint Lucia" - Research Guides at Library of Congress
      - LANIC
    - Saint Martin: Preface - Saint Martin
      French West Indies / Territory / Documents  / Map
      Saint Martin | (3rd Item in List) Encyclopedia.com  - Universities: Education
      - Culture of [Saint-Martin | Mom] - Topic Outline of Saint Martin
        - Search results for "Saint Martin" Caribbean | Library of Congress
          - Search results for "Saint Martin" - Research Guides at Library of Congress
      - Sint Maarten: Preface - Sint Maarten: Culture
        Sint Maarten / Country / Documents / Maps for Philipsburg, Sint Maarten
      - Culture of [Sint Maaarten] - Topic Outline of Sint Maarten
        - Search results for "Sint Maarten" Caribbean | Library of Congress
          - Search results for "Sint Maarten" - Research Guides at Library of Congress
    - Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: Preface - Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
      Saint Vincent and the Grenadines / Country / Documents
      Saint Vincent and The Grenadines | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
      - Culture of [SV & the Grenadines: Introduction] - Topic Outline - SV& the Grenadines
        - Search results for "Saint Vincent and The Grenadines" Caribbean | LOC
          - Search results for "Saint Vincent and The Grenadines" - Research Guides at LOC
      - LANIC
    - Trinidad & Tobago: Preface - Trinidad & Tobago
      Trinidad & Tobago  / Country / Documents / Map
      Trinidad and Tobago | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
      - Culture of [Trinidad and Tobago: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Trinidad & Tobago
        - Library Association of Trinidad and Tobago - LATT
        - NALIS – National Library and Information System Authority
        - Search results for "Trinidad and Tobago" Caribbean | LOC
          - Search results for "Trinidad and Tobago" - Research Guides at LOC
      - LANIC
    - Turks & Caicos: Preface - Turks & Caicos
      Turks & Caicos Islands / Territory / Documents / Map
      Turks and Caicos Islands | Encyclopedia.com: UK Am. Dep. - Universities: Education
      - Culture of [Turks & Caicos Islands (archived)] - Topic Outline - Turks & Caicos Islands
        - Search results for "Turks and Caicos Islands" Caribbean | LOC
          - Search results for "Turks and Caicos Islands" - Research Guides at LOC
        - Turks and Caicos Museum
      - LANIC
    - Virgin Islands: Culture
      Virgin Islands | Encyclopedia.com
      - Virgin Islands (British): Preface - Virgin Islands (British)
        British Virgin Islands / Territory / Documents / Map
        British Virgin Islands | Encyclopedia.com: UK Am. Dep. - Universities: Education
        - Culture of [British Virgin Islands (archived)] - Topic Outline of the BV Islands
          - Search results for "British Virgin Islands" Caribbean | Library of Congress
            - Search results for "British Virgin Islands" - Research Guides at LOC
      - Virgin Islands (U.S.): Preface - Virgin Islands (U.S.)
        Virgin Islands (U.S.) / Territory / Documents / Map
        United States Virgin Islands | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
        - Culture of [United States Virgin Islands] - Topic Outline of the US Virgin Islands
          - Search results for "United States Virgin Islands" Caribbean | Library of Congress
            - Search results for "United States Virgin Islands" - Research Guides at LOC
          - Virgin Islands Public Library System
        - LANIC
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CENTRAL AMERICA: (Preface - Global Country Pages) - Central America / Map
* COMPREHENSIVE: Topic Outline of Central America
  - Arts and Culture of Central America
  - BBC NEWS | Americas | Country Profiles
  - Central America | Map, Facts, Countries, & Capitals | Britannica
  - Central America | Encyclopedia.com
  - Cerámica de los Ancestros: Central America’s Past Revealed
    DC | National Museum of the American Indian
* COUNTRIES:
  - Belize (British Honduras): Preface - Belize - Belize / Country / Documents / Map
    Belize | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
    - Culture of Belize [Belize: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Belize
      - Belize - Google™ Books
      - Belize National Library Service and Information System (BNLSIS)
      - Search results for Belize "Central America" | Library of Congress
        - Search results for Belize - Research Guides at Library of Congress
    - LANIC
  - Costa Rica: Preface - Costa Rica - Costa Rica / Country / Documents / Map
    Costa Rica | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
    - Costa Rica.pdf
    - Culture of [Costa Rica: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Costa Rica
      - Search results for "Costa Rica" "Central America" | Library of Congress
        - Search results for "Costa Rica" - Research Guides at Library of Congress
    - LANIC
  - El Salvador: Preface - El Salvador - El Salvador / Country / Documents / Map
    El Salvador | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
    - Culture of El Salvador [El Salvador: Introduction] - Topic Outline of El Salvador
      - Search results for "El Salvador" "Central America" | Library of Congress
        - Search results for "El Salvador" - Research Guides at Library of Congress
    - El Salvador.pdf
    - LANIC
  - Guatemala: Preface - Guatemala - Guatemala / Country / Documents / Map
    Guatemala | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
    - Culture of [Guatemala: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Guatemala
      - Asociación Bibliotecológica de Guatemala
      - Search results for Guatemala "Central America" | Library of Congress
        - Search results for Guatemala - Research Guides at Library of Congress
    - Guatemala.pdf
    - LANIC
  - Honduras: Preface - Honduras - Honduras / Country / Documents / Map
    Honduras | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
    - Culture of Honduras [Honduras: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Honduras
      - Search results for Honduras "Central America" | Library of Congress
        - Search results for Honduras - Research Guides at Library of Congress
    - Honduras.pdf
    - LANIC
  - Nicaragua: Preface - Nicaragua - Nicaragua / Country / Documents / Map
    Nicaragua | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
    - Culture of Nicaragua [Nicaragua: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Nicaragua
      - Libraries in Nicaragua - Google™ Image Search
      - Search results for Nicaragua "Central America" | Library of Congress
        - Search results for Nicaragua - Research Guides at Library of Congress
    - LANIC
    - Nicaragua.pdf
  - Panama: Preface - Panama - Panama / Country / Documents / Map
    Panama | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
    - Culture of Panama [Panama: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Panama
      - Search results for Panama "Central America" | Library of Congress
        - Search results for Panama - Research Guides at Library of Congress
    - LANIC
    - Panama Canal Zone: Part of Country of Panama / Map
      Panama Canal | Encyclopedia.com
      - Where to Write for Vital Records - Canal Zone
      - Culture of [Panama Canal Zone]
        - Search results for "Panama Canal Zone" "Central America" | Library of Congress
          - Search results for "Panama Canal Zone" - Research Guides at Library of Congress
    - Panama.pdf
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LATIN AMERICAN: (Preface - Global Country Pages) - Hispanic - Latino
* COMPREHENSIVE: Iberian Region
  - Arts and Culture of Hispanic Origins
  - Arts and Culture of Latin American Origins
  - Arts and Culture of Latino Origins
  - Apellidos Italianos - Genealogía Italiana en Español ... y más
    Genealogía Italiana en Español.
  - Archivos de Latinoamérica
    Directions to files, records of genealogical interest, resources and strategies.
  - BBC NEWS | Americas | Country Profiles
  - BDPI - Digital Library of the Ibero-American Heritage
  - Caribbean, Iberian, and Latin American Studies - Library of Congress
  - Chicana/o-Latina/o Studies - Guides at Stanford University
    - External links - Iberian & Latin American Literatures - Guides at Stanford University
  - Digital Collections - Latin American & Caribbean Studies Library Guides at UChicago
  - Directorio de Bibliotecas Españolas: Extranjero
  - Document Collections - Library Research Guide for Latin American Studies
    Research Guides at Harvard Library.
  - General Archive of the Indies
    Spain's overseas territories: colonies in America and Asia.
    - Spanish Colonial Period: The Archive of the Indies - Guide to Researching
      in Florida's Colonial Papers - Guides @ UF at University of Florida.
  - Hispanic Studies - Research Guides at Library of Congress
  - History of Latin America | Meaning, Countries, Map, & Facts | Britannica
    - Latin America from the Colonial Era to the 20th Century | Britannica
  - HLAS - Handbook of Latin American Studies
  - Internet Portals and Digital Libraries - Latin America, Spain and Portugal
    Guide to Library Resources at Princeton - Research Guides at Princeton University.
  - LACLI - Resources for Latin American, Caribbean, Latinx, and Iberian Studies
  - Latin America.pdf
  - Latin American & Caribbean Resources at Yale Library
  - Latin American and Caribbean Studies | University of Miami Libraries
  - Latin American & Caribbean Studies Collection – U of I Library
    - Libraries and Archives in LA&C - Latin American & Caribbean Studies
      LibGuides at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
  - Latin American & Iberian Studies | Columbia University Libraries
  - Latin American & Iberian Studies - LibGuides at UVa Library
  - Latin American and Spanish Videos Freely Available on the Internet
    Guide to Web Sources - LibGuides at University at Albany.
  - Latin American History
  - Latin American Institute of Museums - ILAM
  - Latin American Studies
    - CLASP | Consortium of Latin American Studies Programs
    - FIU Kimberly Green Latin American and Caribbean Center
    - Latin American Studies Association (LASA): LASA Sections
      Largest professional Association in the world for individuals
      and institutions engaged in the study of Latin America.
    - Latin American Studies - Guides at Stanford University
    - Latin American Studies - Research Guides at Library of Congress
    - Latin American Studies - Research Guides at UCLA Library
  - Latindex.com - El Indice Latino
    Buscador Latino - Directorio Recursos Gratis | ferca.com.
    - Latindex - Regional online information system for scientific journals
      from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal.
  - Libraries in Latin America - LANIC
  - Library Research Guide for Latin American Studies
    Research Guides at Harvard Library.
  - SALALM - Latin American & Caribbean Digital Primary Resources
  - Sources and General Resources on Latin America
  - Spanish and Latin American Language and Literature
    Oxford LibGuides at Oxford University.
  - United States: Chicano Studies and Latino Studies
  - Websites - Latin America - LibGuides at Primary Source, Inc.
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SOUTH AMERICA: (Preface - Global Country Pages / More Countries: South America)
South America / Map
* COMPREHENSIVE: Topic Outline of South America
  - Arts and Culture of South America
  - BBC NEWS | Americas | Country Profiles
  - South America | Encyclopedia.com
* COUNTRIES:
  - Argentina: Preface - Argentina - Argentina / Country / Documents / Map
    Argentina | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
    - Argentina.pdf
    - Culture of [Argentina: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Argentina
      - Biblioteca Nacional Mariano Moreno
      - Search results for Argentina "South America" | Library of Congress
        - Search results for Argentina - South America - Research Guides at LOC
    - LANIC
    - Registro Civil | Buenos Aires Ciudad    
      Gobierno de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires.
  - Bolivia: Preface - Bolivia - Bolivia / Country / Documents / Map
    Bolivia | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
    - Bolivia.pdf
    - Culture of Bolivia [Bolivia: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Bolivia
      - Search results for Bolivia "South America" | Library of Congress
        - Search results for Bolivia "South America" - Research Guides at LOC
    - LANIC
  - Brazil: Preface - Brazil - Brazil / Country / Documents / Map
    Brazil | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
    - Brazil.pdf
    - Culture of Brazil [Brazil: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Brazil
      - BRASA: Brazilian Studies Association
      - FEBAB - Bibliotecas fortes: Sociedade democrática - Portal da FEBAB
        Brazilian Federation of Associations of Librarians,
        the Information Scientists & Institutions.
      - IEB – Institute of Brazilian Studies
      - Portuguese and Brazilian Language and Literature
        Oxford LibGuides at Oxford University.
      - Researching Brazil / Pesquisa no Brasil
      - Search results for Brazil "South America" | Library of Congress
        - Search results for Brazil "South America" - Research Guides at Library of Congress
    - LANIC
    - Registro Civil
      - Registro Civil no Brasil
  - Chile: Preface - Chile - Chile / Country / Documents / Map
    Chile | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
    - Chile.pdf
    - Civil Registry Service
    - Culture of Chile [Chile: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Chile
      - Search results for Chile "South America" | Library of Congress
        - Search results for Chile "South America" - Research Guides at Library of Congress
    - LANIC
  - Colombia: Preface - Colombia - Colombia / Country / Documents / Map
    Colombia | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
    - Colombia.pdf
    - Culture of Colombia [Colombia: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Colombia
      - Colombia - LibGuides at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
      - Search results for Colombia "South America" | Library of Congress
        - Search results for Colombia "South America" - Research Guides at LOC
    - LANIC
  - Ecuador: Preface - Ecuador - Ecuador / Country / Documents / Map
    Ecuador | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
    - Culture of Ecuador [Ecuador: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Ecuador
      - Search results for Ecuador "South America" | Library of Congress
        - Search results for Ecuador "South America" - Research Guides at LOC
    - Ecuador.pdf
    - LANIC
  - Guyanese: Guyanese
    - Arts and Culture of the Guyanese
    - French Guiana: Preface - French Guiana
      French Guiana / Country / Documents / Map
      French Guiana | Encyclopedia.com: French American Dep. - Universities: Education
      - Culture of [Guyane | Mom] - Topic Outline of French Guiana
        - Search results for "French Guiana" "South America" | Library of Congress
          - Search results for "French Guiana" "South America" - Research Guides at LOC
      - LANIC
    - Guyana: Preface - Guyana
      Guyana (Co-operative Republic of) / Country / Doc. / Map
      Guyana | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
      - Culture of Guyana [Guyana: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Guyana
        - National Library of Guyana
        - Search results for Guyana "South America" | Library of Congress
          - Search results for Guyana "South America" - Research Guides at LOC
      - LANIC
    - Suriname: Preface - Suriname - Suriname / Country / Documents / Map
      Suriname | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
      - Culture of [Suriname: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Suriname
        - Historical Database Surinam - Cultural Heritage Connections (archived)
        - Nationaal Archief Suriname: Nationaal Archief Suriname
        - Search results for Suriname "South America" | Library of Congress
          - Search results for Suriname "South America" - Research Guides at LOC
      - LANIC
  - Paraguay: Preface - Paraguay - Paraguay / Country / Documents / Map
    Paraguay | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
    - Culture of Paraguay [Paraguay: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Paraguay
      - Search results for Paraguay "South America" | Library of Congress
        - Search results for Paraguay "South America" - Research Guides at LOC
    - LANIC
    - Paraguay.pdf
  - Peru: Preface - Peru - Peru / Country / Documents / Map
    Peru | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
    - Culture of Peru [Peru: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Peru
      - Peruvian Books
        Portal cultural que promueve autores, editores y libros del Perú.
      - Search results for Peru "South America" | Library of Congress
        - Search results for Peru "South America" - Research Guides at Library of Congress
    - LANIC
    - Peru.pdf
  - Uruguay: Preface - Uruguay - Uruguay / Country / Documents / Map
    Uruguay | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
    - Culture of Uruguay [Uruguay: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Uruguay
      - Search results for Uruguay "South America" | Library of Congress
        - Search results for Uruguay "South America" - Research Guides at LOC
    - LANIC
    - Uruguay.pdf 
  - Venezuela: Preface - Venezuela - Venezuela / Country / Documents / Map
    Venezuela | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
    - Culture of Venezuela [Venezuela: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Venezuela
      - National Library of Venezuela
      - Search results for Venezuela "South America" | Library of Congress
        - Search results for Venezuela "South America" - Research Guides at LOC
    - LANIC
    - Venezuela.pdf
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EUROPE: (Preface - Global Country Pages / More Countries: Europe) - Europe / Map
* COMPREHENSIVE: Topic Outline of Europe
  - Arts and Culture of Europe
  - Biographical Perspectives  on European Societies
  - Clio-online - Specialist Portal for History and Historical Science
    Central Internet gateway for the historical sciences in Germany; etc.
    - Handbook of Digital Resources for the Historical Sciences
    - Institutions | Clio-online
      Guide to historically relevant institutions.
    - Web-Directory | Clio-online
  - Consortium of European Research Libraries
    Promoting Europe's cultural heritage in manuscript and print.
  - Countries at UCLA Center for European and Russian Studies (archived)
    Academic; Development; Diplomatic; Fellowship; Government; International;
    Internet general and resources on the Arts, Culture, and Literature;
    Language study; Online News sites and services.
    - Central & Eastern Europe (archived Country Profiles)
    - European Union (archived Country Profiles)
    - Russia & the Former Soviet Republics (archived Country Profiles)
    - Western Europe (archived Country Profiles)
  - EBLIDA – Community Hub of Libraries in Europe: EBLIDA Members – EBLIDA
    European Bureau of Library, Information and Documentation Associations.
    - Lighthouse Libraries | Public Libraries 2030: Lighthouse Libraries - Google™ My Maps
  - Europe | Encyclopedia.com
  - European Collection - Alphabetically - Research Guides at Library of Congress
  - European Repositories - Library Research Guide for Finding Manuscripts
    and Archival Collections - Research Guides at Harvard Library.
  - European Studies - LibGuides at ACRL
  - European Studies Section – of the Association of College & Research Libraries
  - European Studies - Subject and Course Guides at University of Kansas
  - European Studies - Subject Guides at Brigham Young University
  - European Union Collections and Services
    International and Area Studies Library – U of I Library.
  - Guide to West European Archives - Guide to European and UK Libraries
    Archives and Research Centers - Research Guides at Columbia University.
  - NATO - Topic: NATO Member Countries
  - Principles, Countries, History | European Union
  - To Have & to Hold: Marrying & its Documentation in Western Christendom,
    400-1600; Google™ Books, "through property deeds, marital settlements,
    dotal charters, church court depositions, and other indicia of marital consent." .
  - University of Warwick Network for Parish Research, Dept of History
    Study of British and European parishes circa A.D. 1300 to1800.
    Includes works on religious, social, political and cultural aspects,
    as well as interdisciplinary and comparative perspectives.
  - Vienna Database on European Family History
    Listings of European villages and towns from the 17th to the 20th century.
  - Visiteurope.com - The Official Portal of Europe
* SUB REGIONAL: Sub Regional
  - Preface: Links about Basques and Basque Culture (archived)
    - Center for Basque Studies | University of Nevada, Reno
      - Basque Studies Resources | Center for Basque Studies | U of N - Reno
        - Basque - Library Guides at University of Nevada, Reno: Digital Libraries
        - The Basque Branch Genealogical Services
  - Slavic Studies
    - American Bibliography of Slavic and East European Studies (ABSEES) Online
      Slavic, East European and Eurasian Studies – U of I Library.
    - CEEOL - Central and Eastern European Online Library
    - Digital Resources for Slavic, East European and Eurasian Studies
      Bibliographic Databases - Research Guides at Harvard Library. (Harvard & Elsewhere)
    - East European and Slavic Studies (EES) - Research Guides at Ohio State University
    - Slavic, East Central and Southeast Europe, and Eurasia Studies
      Guides at Stanford University.
    - Slavic, Eastern European, and Eurasian Studies - Library Guides at UChicago
    - Slavic Languages and Literatures - Subject & Course Guides at University of Kansas
    - Slavic Linguistics Virtual Reference Bookshelf
      Subject and Course Guides at University of Kansas.
    - Slavistik-Portal: Search in Slavic Databases, Bibliographies and Catalogues
    - Slavonic and East European Area Studies - Oxford LibGuides at Oxford University
    - Slavonic and East European Studies - University College London, Global
    - SSEES Area Guide to South East Europe - University College London, Global
    - SSEES Languages and Culture Guides - University College London, Global
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EUROPEAN AREA COUNTRIES & REGIONS: [European Union - The World Factbook]
Arts and Culture of European Area Countries
* CENTRAL and NORTHWESTERN EUROPE: (FID Northern Europe) Central & NW Europe
  - Arts and Culture of Central Europe and Northwestern Europe
  - Central and Northern Europe | Encyclopedia.com
  - vifanord | FID Nordeuropa
  - AREA COUNTRIES:
    - Germany: Preface - Germany - Germany / Country: Country / Documents / Map
      Germany | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
      - Association for Computer Genealogy eV (CompGen) (Worldwide)
        Germany's largest association for family research.
        - Association for Computer Genealogy eV (CompGen) • Communicate
        - Association for Computer Genealogy eV(CompGen) • Inform
        - Association for Computer Genealogy eV (CompGen) • Research
          - GenWiki - the Genealogy Wiki: Portal:Regional Research – GenWiki
            - Regional Research in German-Speaking Countries – GenWiki
              - German Settlement Areas around the World – GenWiki
      - Culture of Germany / East Germany [Germany: Intro.] - Topic Outline of Germany
        - All Places at a Glance | Staatliche Museen zu Berlin
        - Archivportal-D
          Digital archive material and information on archives from all over Germany.
        - Association of Special Libraries
        - BIB - Professional Association Information Library: The BIB Website from A to Z
        - Clio-online - Specialist Portal for History and Historical Science
          Central Internet gateway for the historical sciences in Germany; etc.
          - Clio-Guides 2023- 2024 | Clio-online Guides
            - Handbook of Digital Resources for the Historical Sciences
            - Institutions | Clio-online
              Guide to historically relevant institutions.
            - Web-Directory | Clio-online
        - Digital Collections - Germanic Languages and Literatures
          Research Guides at Harvard Library.
        - German Language and Literature - Oxford LibGuides at Oxford University
        - German Libraries: List of Libraries in Germany
          - Bayerische Staatsbibliothek – Bavarian State Library
          - DBV - German Library Association
            Represents Over 8,000 Libraries Nationwide.
          - Germany - Library Research Guide for Finding Manuscripts & Archival Collections
            Research Guides at Harvard Library.
        - German Studies: German Studies Association
          - Find Scholarship in the Field - Germanic Studies - Guides at Stanford University
          - German Studies Collaboratory: Digital Hub – The German Studies Collaboratory
          - German Studies - LibGuides at ACRL
          - Sussex Weidenfeld Institute of Jewish Studies : University of Sussex
        - Search results for Germany - Europe | Library of Congress
          - Search results for Germany - Europe - Research Guides at Library of Congress
        - The Monumenta Germaniae Historica (MGH) | Institute of Historical Research
        - VDB – Association of German Librarians
        - Webis - Sammelschwerpunkte an deutschen Bibliotheken – Webis
          Collection Focuses at German Libraries.
      - Germany – European Sources Online
      - Germany.pdf
      - historicum.net
      - Wörterbuchnetz
    - Liechtenstein: Preface - Liechtenstein
      Liechtenstein / Country: Country / Documents / Map
      Liechtenstein | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
      - Culture of [Liechtenstein: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Liechtenstein
        - European Microstates
        - Liechtenstein | Map, Tourism, & Royal Family | Britannica
        - Liechtenstein State Library
        - Search results for Liechtenstein - Europe | Library of Congress
          - Search results for Liechtenstein - Europe - Research Guides at Library of Congress
        - The Princely House | Das Fürstenhaus von Liechtenstein
      - Fürstentum Liechtenstein
    - Poland: Preface - Poland - Poland / Country: Country / Documents / Map
      Poland | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
      - Culture of Poland [Poland: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Poland
        - Biblioteka w Polsce to najlepsze miejsce do edukacji | ebib.info
          - National Library (Biblioteka Narodowa)
          - Poland | EIFL
        - Cultural Institutions in Poland - Ministry of Culture and National Heritage
          - PIASA: PIASA Archives
        - Poland - Slavic and Eurasian Studies at Harvard
          Library and Archival Resources - Research Guides at Harvard Library.
        - Poland – Slavic, East European & Eurasian Studies – U of I Library
        - Poland - Subject and Course Guides at University of Kansas
        - Polish Culture - Poland, Polish Language, History, Culture & Traditions
          Research Guides at Ohio State University.
        - Polish Studies
        - Search results for Poland - Europe | Library of Congress
          - Search results for Poland - Europe - Research Guides at Library of Congress
      - InfoPoland: Poland on the Web - Populations and People (Genealogy)
      - JRI-Poland | Preserving Jewish Records of Poland
      - Poland.pdf
      - Polish Webliography
      - Vital Records in Poland (plus Jewish Information)
    - Switzerland: Preface - Switzerland - Switzerland / Country / Documents / Map
      Switzerland | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
      - Culture of [Switzerland: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Switzerland
        - About Switzerland: Country
        - Search results for Switzerland - Europe | Library of Congress
          - Search results for Switzerland - Europe - Research Guides at Library of Congress
        - Swiss National Library: List of Libraries in Switzerland
          - Library Collections: Websites - Wikipedia Articles (Helveticat)
            - Bibliography of Swiss History
        - Switzerland - Library Research Guide for Finding Manuscripts & Archival Collections
          Research Guides at Harvard Library.
      - Swiss Cantonal, Local and Family History - EuroDocs
      - Swiss Genealogy - The French Genealogy Blog
      - Switzerland.pdf

  - BALTIC STATES REGION: Baltic Region / Map
    Comprehensive:
    - Arts and Culture of the Baltic States Region
    - Association for the Advancement of Baltic Studies - AABS
    - Baltic States | Encyclopedia.com
    - Baltic States.pdf
    - Baltic Studies - Guides at Stanford University
    Countries:
    - Estonia: Preface - Estonia - Estonia / Country: Country / Documents / Map
      Estonia | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
      - Culture of Estonia [Estonia: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Estonia
        - Estonia - Baltic Digital Collections
          LibGuides at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
          - Estonia – Slavic, East European & Eurasian Studies – U of I Library
        - Estonia | EIFL: ELNET - ELNET Konsortsium (Consortium)
        - Estonia - Subject and Course Guides at University of Kansas
        - Estonian Librarians Association :: Eesti Raamatukoguhoidjate Ühing
        - Estonian Resources
        - Estonian Studies - East European Studies
          Research Guides at University of Michigan Library.
        - JewishGen Latvia & Estonia Research Division
        - Libraries | Eesti.ee
        - Search results for Estonia - Europe | Library of Congress
          - Search results for Estonia - Europe - Research Guides at Library of Congress
      - Estonia – European Sources Online
      - Estonian Webliography
      - Estonian World
    - Latvia: Preface - Latvia - Latvia / Country - Country: Country / Documents / Map
      Latvia | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
      - Culture of Latvia [Latvia: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Latvia
        - JewishGen Latvia & Estonia Research Division
        - Latvia - Baltic Digital Collections
          LibGuides at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
          - Latvia – Slavic, East European & Eurasian Studies – U of I Library
        - Latvia | EIFL: Sākumlapa | Kultūras informācijas sistēmu centrs
        - Latvia - Subject and Course Guides at University of Kansas
        - Latvian State Historical Archives
        - Latvian Studies - East European Studies
          Research Guides at University of Michigan Library.
        - Search results for Latvia - Europe | Library of Congress
          - Search results for Latvia - Europe - Research Guides at Library of Congress
      - Latvian Webliography
    - Lithuania: Preface - Lithuania - Lithuania / Country: Country / Documents / Map
      Lithuania | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
      - Culture of Lithuania [Lithuania: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Lithuania
        - Lithuania - Baltic Digital Collections
          LibGuides at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
          - Lithuania – Slavic, East European & Eurasian Studies – U of I Library
        - Lithuania | EIFL: Lithuanian Research Library Consortium | ICOLC Website
        - Lithuanian Librarians' Association
        - Lithuanian Studies - East European Studies
          Research Guides at University of Michigan Library.
        - Search results for Lithuania - Europe | Library of Congress
          - Search results for Lithuania - Europe - Research Guides at Library of Congress
      - Lithuania - Subject and Course Guides at University of Kansas
      - Lithuanian Webliography

  - BENELUX REGION: Benelux Region / Benelux Map - Europe:
    [Be-ne-lux = BE: Belgium - NE: Netherlands - LUX: Luxembourg]
    - Arts and Culture of the Benelux Region
    Countries:
    - Belgium: Preface - Belgium - Belgium / Country: Country / Documents / Map
      Belgium | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
      - Belgium.pdf
      - Culture of [Belgium: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Belgium
        - Belgian Documentation Association | ABD-BVD
        - Belgium - Library Research Guide for Finding Manuscripts & Archival Collections
          Research Guides at Harvard Library.
        - Dutch Culture
          - ALCS - Association for Low Countries Studies
          - Dutch Studies - LibGuides at ACRL
          - Low Countries Studies | SELCS - UCL – University College London
          - the low countries
        - Flemish Association for Library, Archive & Documentation | VVBAD
        - Search results for Belgium - Europe | Library of Congress
          - Search results for Belgium - Europe - Research Guides at Library of Congress
        - State Archives in Belgium: List of Archives in Belgium
    - Luxembourg: Preface - Luxembourg
      Luxembourg / Country: Country / Documents / Map
      Luxembourg | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
      - Culture of [Luxembourg: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Luxembourg
        - ALBAD (Luxembourg Association of Librarians, Archivists and Documentalists)
        - National Archives - Luxembourg
          - Recherche "généalogique" - Page 1 - Archives nationales - Luxembourg
        - Search results for Luxembourg - Europe | Library of Congress
          - Search results for Luxembourg - Europe - Research Guides at Library of Congress
      - Luxembourg.pdf
    - Netherlands: Preface - Netherlands - Netherlands / Country: Country / Documents / Map
      Netherlands | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
      - Culture of [Netherlands: Introduction] - Topic Outline of the Netherlands
        - Dutch Studies - Leiden University
        - Dutch Studies - LibGuides at ACRL
        - Military Heritage | Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands
        - Netherlands - Library Research Guide for Finding Manuscripts & Archival Collections
          Research Guides at Harvard Library.
        - Religious Heritage | Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands
        - Royal House of the Netherlands
        - Search results for Netherlands - Europe | Library of Congress
          - Search results for Netherlands - Europe - Research Guides at Library of Congress
        - VOB (Association of Public Libraries)
      - Islands: Dependent Territory
      - Netherlands.pdf

  - FRISIAN REGION: Frisian Region / Map
    - Arts and Culture of the Frisian Region
    - Frisians | Encyclopedia.com

  - SCANDINAVIAN REGION: Scandinavian / Map
    Comprehensive:
    - Arts and Culture of the Nordic Region
    - Arts and Culture of Scandinavia
    - Culture of Scandinavian Region
      - Scandinavian Studies
        - American-Scandinavian Foundation (ASF)
        - Scandinavian Studies | Internet Resources
        - Scandinavian Studies - LibGuides at ACRL
        - Society for the Advancement of Scandinavian Study
    - Scandinavia | Encyclopedia.com
    - Scandinavia.pdf
    Countries: Nordic - Project Runeberg
    - Denmark: Preface - Denmark - Denmark / Country: Country / Denmark / Map
      Denmark | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
      - Copenhagen | History, Population, & Facts | Britannica: Links
      - Culture / Culture of [Denmark: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Denmark
        - Danish Library Association
        - Denmark - Library Research Guide for Finding Manuscripts & Archival Collections
          Research Guides at Harvard Library.
        - Nordic Studies - Denmark
        - Royal Danish Library | kb.dk
          - Collection Overview A-Z | kb.dk
          - Digitale Samlinger
          - Find Materials | kb.dk
        - Search results for Denmark - Europe | Library of Congress
          - Search results for Denmark - Europe - Research Guides at Library of Congress
      - Denmark.pdf
      - Islands: Dependent Territory
    - Finland: Preface - Finland - Finland / Country: Country / Documents / Map
      Finland | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
      - Culture of Finland [Finland: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Finland
        - Finnish Library Association
        - National Library of Finland
          - Fenno-Ugrica (Digital collection of publications in Uralic languages; etc.)
          - Finnish Web Archive -- Index: Digital Archive | University of Jyväskylä
          - Search Service | Archives, Libraries, Museums | Finna.fi
        - Nordic Studies - Finland
        - Search results for Finland - Europe | Library of Congress
          - Search results for Finland - Europe - Research Guides at Library of Congress
      - Finland - Subject and Course Guides at University of Kansas
      - Finland.pdf
      - thisisFINLAND
    - Iceland: Preface - Iceland - Iceland / Country: Country / Documents / Map
      Iceland | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
      - Culture of [Iceland: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Iceland
        - Institute for Icelandic Studies: Árnastofnun
        - Nordic Studies - Iceland
        - Search results for Iceland - Europe | Library of Congress
          - Search results for Iceland - Europe - Research Guides at Library of Congress
        - Search.is: National Library of Iceland -University Library
        - Tímarit.is - Search
      - Iceland.pdf
    - Norway: Preface - Norway - Norway / Country / Documents / Map
      Norway | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
      - Culture of [Norway: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Norway
        - Nordic Studies - Norway
        - Norway Cultural Profile (archived)
        - Norway - Library Research Guide for Finding Manuscripts & Archival Collections
          Research Guides at Harvard Library.
        - Norwegian Library Association
        - Search results for Norway - Europe | Library of Congress
          - Search results for Norway - Europe - Research Guides at Library of Congress
      - HistLab - The Arctic University of Norway
        - Historical Microdata around the World (1st version) (archived)
      - HUNT - The Nord Trøndelag Health Study
        Personal and family medical histories database.
      - Islands: Islands - Dependent Territory
      - Norway.pdf
      - Oluf Rygh: Norwegian Farm Names: Search Form
        Late 19th century land registry catalogue over the names of main Norwegian farms.
    - Sweden: Preface - Sweden - Sweden / Country: Country / Documents / Map
      Sweden | Encyclopedia.com - Universities: Education
      - Culture of [Sweden: Introduction] - Topic Outline of Sweden
        - Nordic Studies - Sweden
        - Preface: Nordisk familjebok
          Digital facsimile of Nordisk familjebok, Sweden's most comprehensive encyclopedia.
        - Search results for Sweden - Europe | Library of Congress
          - Search results for Sweden - Europe - Research Guides at Library of Congress
        - Svensk biblioteksförening - In English
          - The Royal Library - Sweden's National Library - kb.se: LIBRARY
            LIBRIS is the Swedish National Library System search service; updated daily.
            - Open Access and Bibsamkonsortiet
         - Sweden - Library Research Guide for Finding Manuscripts & Archival Collections
           Research Guides at Harvard Library.
      - Giving Up Foreign Names (pdf)
        Empirical examination of surname change and earnings.
      - Population Registration in Sweden
      - Sweden – European Sources Online
      - Sweden.pdf
      - Umeå University: Familia
        - Databases at CEDAR: Parish Register Databases
        - Demographic Data Base (DDB)
        - Familia - a new search tool for genealogists
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