WORLD ANCESTRY - ROOTS IN ANTIQUITY
Ancient To Modern Genealogy and Family History
Ancient origins of genealogy and family history records, as traced
down to modern times, from all available concurrent documented
findings, in both religious scriptures and related secular records.
 

BIBLE and BIBLICAL RESOURCES: Bible - Portal:Bible
* Bible Society
* BibleGateway.com and Bible Research
  Internet resources and searchable online
  Bible in over 100 versions and 50 languages.
* Biblical Archaeology Society
* Codex Sinaiticus
  Manuscript of the Christian Bible written in the middle of the
  fourth century, that contains the earliest complete copy of the
  Christian New Testament.  The hand-written text is in Greek.
  The New Testament appears in the original vernacular language
  (koine) and the Old Testament in the version, known as the Septuagint.
* Complete Bible Genealogy
  Jesus family tree - Kings
  of Judah and Israel.
  - Book [Stick] of Judah
    - Davidic Line and Davidic Dynasty - Family Trees and Charts
      - Can We Prove Descent From King David?
      - Davidic Dynasty
* Dead Sea Scrolls
  - Contribution of the Dead Sea Scrolls to Biblical Understanding
* Early Christian Writings
  New Testament, apocrypha, gnostics
  and Catholic church fathers.
* Early Jewish Writings
  Tanakh, Apocrypha, Pseudepigrapha, etc.
* iTanakh
  Resources for Academic Study.
* List of Biblical Names
* Navigating the BIBLE ® II
  People, places, plants and
  animals occurring in the Bible.
* Online Bible Study Tools
  Search gateway to resources.
* Origins & Design: Access Research Network
  - World Population Since Creation
* Resource Pages for Biblical Studies
* Scriptures: LDS (Mormon) and Bible Maps
  - Book of Abraham Project
  - Chronological Tables
  - How Did the Book of Jasher Know?
    The question arises of how the author of Jasher could have known
    specific facts from before the Great Flood, such as Cainan becoming
    very wise when he was forty years old.  These correlations attest that
    it was composed from exceedingly ancient reliable sources.
  - Origin of Man
    “God created man in his own image” (Gen. 1:27).
* Smith's Bible Dictionary on StudyLight.org
* Society of Biblical Literature
* Works of Flavius Josephus


BIBLE and BIBLICAL RESOURCES:  I HAVE A QUESTION
I've heard that some people have extended their ancestral lines back to Adam.
Is this possible? . . . Ensign Feb 84 and Liahona Aug 84  "Robert C. Gunderson,
Senior Royalty Research Specialist, Church Genealogical Department.  The simplest
answer to both questions is No.  Let me explain.  In thirty-five years of genealogical
research, I have yet to see a pedigree back to Adam that can be documented."

"Descent from antiquity (commonly abbreviated as DFA) is the project of
establishing a well-researched, generation-by-generation descent of living persons
from people living in antiquity.  It is an ultimate challenge in prosopography
and genealogy."  The intent of a Biblical DFA "is to establish an ancestry which
is historically accurate and verifiable" within given ancient contexts of primary
and secondary record sources, as handed down for the benefit of our modern
generation.  Writing Systems began with "Adam, for it was given unto as many
as called upon God to write by the spirit of ^dinspiration;  And by them their ^achildren
were taught to read and write, having a ^blanguage which was ^cpure and undefiled."

Jesus said in 3 Ne. 27: 26  that "all things are ^awritten by the Father; therefore out
of the books which shall be written shall  the world be judged."  Jesus declared in
Matt. 10: 29, 31 and Luke 12: 6-7 that sparrows and "the very hairs of your head
are all numbered".  In Moses 1: 8, Moses looked, and beheld the ^aworld upon
which he was created; and Moses ^bbeheld the world and the ends thereof, and all
the children of men which are, and which were created; of the same he greatly
^cmarveled and wondered.  Records in Heaven appear therefore as all inclusive,
showing the kindness and love of a caring God, who keeps the individual identity
of every one of His spirit children born to this earth.  Electrophotography, or
Xerography, uses visible light to obtain a reproduction of original documents.
Variations in the sun's output of points of light upon the earth, changed by
solar flares, may be producing intelligent charge patterns, that generate photo
conduction throughout space, subsequently transferred to the books written
in heaven, from which the world shall be judged.  Moses 1: 27-29 shows that
Moses cast his eyes and ^abeheld the earth, yea, even all of it; and there was
not a particle of it which he did not behold, ^bdiscerning it by the ^cspirit of God.

The work of the Restoration from before the foundation of this world, includes
full recovery of primary source document records from Adam until time ends.
D&C 128: 6-8  And further, I want you to remember that John the Revelator
was contemplating this very subject in relation to the dead, when he declared,
as you will find recorded in Revelation 20:12—And I saw the dead, small and
great, stand before God; and the books were opened; and another book was
opened, which is the book of life; and the dead were judged out of those things
which were ^awritten in the books, according to their works.  Joseph Smith, Jr.
continues: You will discover in this quotation that the books were opened; and
another book was opened, which was the book of life; but the dead were judged
out of those things which were written in the books, according to their works;
consequently, the books spoken of must be the books which contained the
record of their works, and refer to the ^arecords which are kept on the earth.
. . . Or, in other words, taking a different view of the translation, whatsoever
you record on earth shall be recorded in heaven, and whatsoever you do not
record on earth shall not be recorded in heaven; for out of the books shall
your dead be judged, according to their own works, whether they themselves
have attended to the ^cordinances in their own propria persona, or by the means
of their own agents, according to the ordinance which God has prepared for their
salvation from before the foundation of the world, according to the records which
they have kept concerning their dead.

Rev. 20: 13-15  And the sea gave up the dead which were in it; and ^adeath
and ^bhell delivered up the dead which were in them: and they were judged
every man according to their works.  And ^adeath and ^bhell were cast into
the lake of fire.  This is the ^csecond death.  And whosoever was not found
written in the book of life was cast into the lake of fire.  From a genealogical
research standpoint, the Book of Life eventually will include all individuals
born on the earth, except the sons of perdition.

D&C 76 and other related Scriptures describe three degrees of glory,
with priesthood ordinances that will be recorded in the Book of Life:
[1] a church of the Firstborn patriarchal celestial (sun radiating)  family
kingdom, {having three additional subsections}, whose glorified residents
ultimately live on this celestial Earth;
[2] a Church of Jesus Christ terrestrial (moon reflecting) world, who receive
of the presence of the Son through the ministration of celestial Melchizedek
priesthood ordinances, but not of the fulness of the Father; also,
[3] the multitude of heirs of salvation in the glory of the telestial (individual stars)
world, who receive of the Holy Spirit through the Aaronic priesthood administering
of angels, directed from the terrestrial Kingdom.

BIBLICAL RESEARCH NOTES
Jan 1835 President Joseph Smith, Jr.: "I was engaged in the school of the elders,
and in preparing the lectures on theology [Faith] for publication in the Book of
Doctrine and Covenants, which the committee appointed last September were
now compiling."  From the Second Lecture:

Neither can there be a doubt existing on the mind of any person, that Adam was
the first who did communicate the knowledge of the existence of a God to his posterity;
and that the whole faith of the world, from that time down to the present, is in a certain
degree dependent on the knowledge first communicated to them by their common
progenitor.  And it has been handed down to the day and generation in which we live,
as we shall show from the face of the sacred records.

First, Adam was 130 years old when Seth was born (Gen. 5:3). And the days of Adam,
after he had begotten Seth, were 800 years, making him 930 years old when he died
(Gen. 5:4-5). Seth was 105 when Enos was born (Gen. 5:6). Enos was 90 when Cainan
was born (Gen. 5:9).  Cainan was 70 when Mahalaleel was born (Gen. 5:12). Mahalaleel
was 65 when Jared was born (Gen. 5:15).  Jared was 162 when Enoch was born
(Gen. 5:18).  Enoch was 65 when Methuselah was born (Gen. 5:21). Methuselah was 187
when Lamech was born (Gen. 5:25).  Lamech was 182 when Noah was born (Gen. 5:28).

From this account it appears that Lamech, the 9th from Adam, and the father of Noah,
was 56 years old when Adam died; Methuselah, 243; Enoch, 308; Jared, 470;
Mahalaleel, 535; Cainan, 605; Enos, 695; and Seth, 800.  So that Lamech (the father
of Noah), Methuselah, Enoch, Jared, Mahalaleel, Cainan, Enos, Seth, and Adam,
were all living at the same time, and beyond all controversy were all preachers of
righteousness.

Moses further informs us that Seth lived after he begat Enos 807 years, making him
912 years old at his death (Gen. 5:7-8).  And Enos lived after he begat Cainan 815
years, making him 905 years old when he died (Gen. 5:10-11).  And Cainan lived
after he begat Mahalaleel 840 years, making him 910 years old at his death
(Gen. 5:13-14).  And Mahalaleel lived after he begat Jared 830 years, making
him 895 years old when he died (Gen. 5: 16-17).  And Jared lived after
he begat Enoch 800 years, making him 962 years old at his death (Gen. 5:19-20).
And Enoch walked with God after he begat Methuselah 300 years, making him
365 years old [D&C 107: 49 and he walked with God three hundred and sixty-five
years, making him four hundred and thirty years old] when he was translated
(King James Version Gen. 5:22-23).  NOTE: According to the Pearl of Great Price
(Moses 7:68  And all of the days of ZION, in the days of Enoch, were three hundred
and sixty-five years.)

And Methuselah lived after he begat Lamech 782 years, making him 969 years old
when he died (Gen. 5:26-27).  Lamech lived after he begat Noah 595 years, making
him 777 years old when he died (Gen. 5:30-31).

Agreeable to this account, Adam died in the 930th year of the world; Enoch
was translated in the 987th; Seth died in the 1042nd; Enos in the 1140th;
Cainan in the 1235th; Mahalaleel in the 1290th; Jared in the 1422nd;
Lamech in the 1651st; and Methuselah in the 1656th - it being the same
year in which the flood came.

So Noah was 84 years old when Enos died, 176 when Cainan died, 234 when
Mahalaleel died, 366 when Jared died, 595 when Lamech died, and 600 when
Methuselah died.  We can see from this that Enos, Cainan, Mahalaleel, Jared,
Methuselah, Lamech, and Noah all lived on the earth at the same time; and
that Enos, Cainan, Mahalaleel, Jared, Methuselah and Lamech, were all
acquainted with both Adam and Noah.

From the foregoing it is easily to be seen, not only how the knowledge of God
came into the world, but upon what principle it was preserved; that from the time
it was first communicated, it was retained in the minds of righteous men, who
taught not only their own posterity, but the world; so that there was no need of
a new revelation to man after Adam's creation to Noah, to give them the first
idea or notion of the existence of a God; and not only of a God, but of the true
and living God.

Having traced the chronology of the world from Adam to Noah, we will now
trace it from Noah to Abraham.

Noah was 502 years old when Shem was born - 98 years afterward the flood came,
being the 600th year of Noah's age.  [Research Note:  This appears to be backdated
from the 600th year when the Flood occurred.  According to the Pearl of Great Price,
Arphaxad, was born in 2352 B.C. and died 1914 B.C.  Noah was ^asix hundred years
old {2344 B.C.} when the flood of waters was upon the earth.  Thus, Arphaxad was
carried aboard the Ark of Noah, by his father Shem, as a young child eight years old.
Noah was 492 years old when Shem was born - 108 years later, the flood came;
being the 600th year of Noah's age.]  And Moses informs us that Noah lived after
the flood 350 years; making him 950 years old when he died (Gen. 9:28-29).
Shem was 100 years old when Arphaxad was born (Gen. 11:10).  Arphaxad was
35 when Salah was born (Gen. 11:12). Salah was 30 when Eber was born (Gen. 11:14).
Eber was 34 when Peleg was born, in whose days the earth was divided (Gen. 11:16).

Peleg was 30 when Reu was born (Gen. 11:18).  Reu was 32 when Serug was born
(Gen. 11:20).  Serug was 30 when Nahor was born (Gen. 11:22).  Nahor was 29
when Terah was born (Gen. 11:24).  Terah was 70 when Haran and Abraham were
born (Gen. 11:26).

There is some difficulty in the account given by Moses, of Abraham's birth.  Some
have supposed that Abraham was not born until Terah was 130 years old.  This
conclusion is drawn from a variety of scriptures, which are not to our purpose at
present to quote.  Neither is it a matter of any consequence to us, whether Abraham
was born when Terah was 70 years old, or 130.  [See also, previous information on
the life span age difference between D&C: Enoch 430 years, less King James Version
365 years (actually ZION dated period) = 65 year difference, at time of recorded death.]

But in order that there may no doubt exist upon any mind, in relation to the object
lying immediately before us in presenting the present chronology, we will date the
birth of Abraham at the latest period - that is, when Terah was 130 years old.

It appears from this account, that from the flood to the birth of Abraham was
352 years.  Moses informs us that Shem lived after he begat Arphaxad 500 [years]
(Gen 11:11).  This added to 100 years, which was his age when Arphaxad was
born, makes him 600 years old when he died.  Arphaxad lived after he begat
Salah 403 years (Gen. 11:13).  This added to 35 years, which was his age when Salah
was born, makes him 438 years old when he died.

Salah lived after he begat Eber 403 years (Gen. 11:15).  This added to 30 years,
which was his age when Eber was born, makes him 433 years old when he died.
Eber lived after he begat Peleg 430 years (Gen. 11:17).  This added to 34 years,
which was his age when Peleg was born, makes him 464 years old.

Peleg lived after he begat Reu 209 years (Gen. 11:19).  This added to 30 years,
which was his age when Reu was born, makes him 239 years old when he died.
Reu lived after he begat Serug 207 years (Gen. 11:21).  This added to 32 years,
which was his age when Serug was born, makes him 239 years old when he died.

Serug lived after he begat Nahor 200 years (Gen. 11:23).  This added to 30 years,
which was his age when Nahor was born, makes him 230 years old when he died.
Nahor lived after he begat Terah 119 years (Gen. 11:25).  This added to 29 years,
which was his age when Terah was born, makes him 148 years old when he died.
Terah was 130 years old when Abraham was born, and is supposed to have lived
75 years after his birth, making him 205 years old when he died.

Agreeable to this last account, Peleg died in the 1996th year of the world, Nahor in
the 1997th, and Noah in the 2006th.  So that Peleg, in whose days the earth was
divided, and Nahor, the grandfather of Abraham, both died before Noah - the
former being 239 years old, and the latter [at age] 148.  And who cannot but see
that they must have had a long and intimate acquaintance with Noah?

Reu died in the 2026th year of the world, Serug in [the] 2049th, Terah in the 2083rd,
Arphaxad in the 2096th, Salah in the 2126th, Shem in the 2158th, Abraham in the
2183rd, and Eber in the 2187th, which was four years after Abraham's death.
And Eber was the fourth from Noah.

Nahor, (Abraham's brother) was 58 years old when Noah died, Terah 128, Serug 187,
Reu 219, Eber 283, Salah 313, Arphaxad 344, and Shem 448.  It appears from this
account that Nahor (brother of Abraham), Terah, Nahor, Serug, Reu, Peleg, Eber,
Salah, Arphaxad, Shem, and Noah, all lived on the earth at the same time.

And that Abraham was 18 years old when Reu died, 41 when Serug and his brother
Nahor died, 75 when Terah died, 88 when Arphaxad died, 118 when Salah died, 150
when Shem died; and that Eber lived four years after Abraham's death . . . that Shem,
Arphaxad, Salah, Eber, Reu, Serug, Terah, and Nahor (the brother of Abraham), and
Abraham lived at the same time.  And that Nahor (brother of Abraham), Terah, Serug,
Reu, Eber, Salah, Arphaxad, and Shem, were all acquainted with both Noah
and Abraham.

We have now traced the chronology of the world, agreeable to the account
given in our present [King James Version] Bible, from Adam to Abraham, and have
clearly determined beyond the power of controversy, that there was no difficulty
in preserving the knowledge of God in the world from the creation of Adam,
and the manifestation made to his immediate descendants, as set forth in the former
part of this lecture; so that . . . the knowledge of the existence of a God must have
continued from father to son, as a matter of tradition, at least.  For we cannot suppose
that a knowledge of this important fact could have existed in the mind of any of
the before mentioned individuals, without their having made it known to their posterity.

CONCLUDING EVALUATION:
A dispassionate study of the internal evidence of the Biblical record reveals:
By age comparison, (due to the extended overlapping life spans), information
recorded as covering about two thousand years, can be compared today, (by
professional genealogical standards), within the memory framework that young
children could obtain/retain from oral or written tradition, (concerning the
significant exploits of great-grandparents).


CONTEMPORARY To ANCIENT SOURCES: AWOL - The Ancient World Online
Archaeology, Anthropology, & Ancient Civilizations
* Ancestor Roots Information: Ancient and Modern Genealogies
* Anthropology: Portal:Anthropology
  Genealogy is a core concept of study,
  used within the discipline of anthropology.
  - American Anthropological Association (AAA)
    - Anthropology Resources on the Internet
    - Internet Resources: Anthropology
    - Section List & Links to Websites
  - Anthropology & Sociology
  - Cultural Anthropology: Information Resources
  - Ethnography
    - MIT OpenCourseWare - Ethnography: Syllabus and Assignments
  - Intute - Anthropology
  - Kinship: Clan and Tribe
    - Calculating Kinship
      Analyzing and understanding cultural codes.
    - Kinship and Social Organization
      Interactive tutorial.
  - Kinship Degree Systems
    - Kinship Glossary, Symbols, Terms and Concepts
    - Systematic Kinship Terminologies
    - Wat is genealogie? [Google™ Translate]
      - Genealogies as a Resource for Studying Kin Networks in Time and Space (pdf)
  - Links to Other Net Resources of Interest to Anthropologists of Europe
* Archaeology: Portal:Archaeology - Topic Outline of Archaeology
  - Antiquity
    Journal of archaeological research.
  - Archaeological Research Resources
  - Archaeological Sub Disciplines
  - Archaeology
  - Archaeology: Resources for Research
  - Archaeology - VoS
  - Archeonet Links
  - ArchNet
  - Society for Historical Archaeology
  - Society for Post Medieval Archaeology - SPMA
* History and Social Studies
* Mapping History
  Interactive and animated representations
  of fundamental historical problems.
* PBS - Empires Series
  Greeks: Crucible of Civilization;
  Napoleon; Islam: Empire of Faith;
  Queen Victoria's Empire; Roman Empire:
  First Century AD; Egypt; Kingdom of David.


EUROPEAN: CLASSICAL and EARLY EMPIRES:
1st Millennium BC - 1st Millennium - 2nd Millennium
* Ancient and Classical History: History and Social Studies
* Britannia: British History
  Narrative histories of England, Wales, Scotland, London,
  timelines, biographies, glossaries, bibliographies,
  historical documents, places, events and people.
* Celt: Celtic Studies
  - Celtic Digital Initiative
  - Modern Celts
  - School of Celtic Studies: Links
* First Europe Tutorial
  Transition from the Roman to the Early Medieval periods.
* Germanic Peoples: Portal:Ancient Germanic Culture
  - List of Germanic Peoples
* Late Antiquity: Society for Late Antiquity
* Medieval & Renaissance
* Regional Genealogy and Local History: Europe


HERALDRY, COATS of ARMS and MEDALS: Heraldry - Portal:Heraldry (Coat of Arms)
* American College of Heraldry
* Arts and Humanities: Heraldry: A Guide to Resources
* Burke's Peerage and Gentry: Article Library
  Definitive historical and genealogical
  guide to the major families.
  - Burke's Peerage & Gentry International Register of Arms - UK
    - Heraldic Glossary
* Cambridge University Heraldic and Genealogical Society
* College of Arms: Links
  Official repository of the coats of arms and
  pedigrees of English, Welsh, Northern Irish and
  Commonwealth families and their descendants.
* Cyndi's List - Heraldry
* Elizabethan Heraldry
* Harleian Society Series (pdf)
* Heraldic Visitation
* Heraldica on the World-Wide Web
* Heraldry on the Internet, Coats of Arms, Family Crests
* Institute of Heraldic and Genealogical Studies
* International Academy for the Promotion of Scientific Research
  Includes links for the promotion of genealogical and heraldic sciences.
* International Civic Arms
  Civic heraldry, i.e. coats of arms of countries,
  states, provinces, towns and villages.
* Medal: Medals of the World
  - List of prizes, medals, and awards
* Royal & Noble Bibliography: Armory and Heraldry
* Seal: Seal (device)
  Family identity may be found by seals in record sources,
  back to the twelfth century, as used by classes of men
  and women of lower status than baron or prelate, with
  particular individual distinct marks or naming designations.
  - Official Seal Generator
* Society for Creative Anachronism, Inc.
  International organization dedicated to researching and
  re-creating the arts and skills of pre-17th-century Europe.
  - SCA College of Arms - Education Articles
    Directory of educational material regarding
    names, naming practices and related subjects.
* Staffordshire Heraldic Visitations (pdf)


MEDIEVAL and RENAISSANCE:
Medieval and Renaissance Studies
* Digital Scriptorium
  Medieval and renaissance manuscripts.
* Iter: Gateway to the Middle Ages and Renaissance
  A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
* Society for Creative Anachronism, Inc.
  Researching and re-creating the arts
  and skills of pre-17th-century Europe.
  - Atlantian Scribes: A&S Links: Main
    - Calligraphy and Illumination Links
  - Cynscribe Heraldry
  - Medieval Names Archive
    Articles on medieval and renaissance
    authentic names for historical re-creators.
  - Tournaments Illuminated - Topic Index

Medieval:
Category:Medieval People
Middle Ages: Portal:Middle Ages - Topic Outline of Medieval History
* Anglo-Saxons: Anglo-Saxon Index
  Materials for the study of Anglo-Saxon England.
  - Anglo-Saxon Button Brooches: Typology, Genealogy, Chronology (pdf)
  - Anglo-Saxon Literature
  - Corpus of Anglo-Saxon Stone Sculpture
  - Đa Engliscan Gesiđas
  - English Language
  - International Society of Anglo-Saxonists
  - Prosopography of Anglo-Saxon England: Database - Links
    (PASE) database to cover all of the recorded inhabitants of England
    from the late sixth to the end of the eleventh century; from a systematic
    examination of the available written sources for the period, including
    chronicles, saints’ Lives, charters, libri vitae, inscriptions, and coins.
* Arnolfini Betrothal (book)
  Medieval Marriage and the Enigma
  of Van Eyck's Double Portrait.
* Byzantine Empire: Portal:Byzantine Empire
  - Byzantine Studies
    - Byzantium
      Society for the promotion
      of Byzantine studies online.
  - Prosopography of the Byzantine Empire
    PBE period III (1025-1204).
* Catalogue of Digitized Medieval Manuscripts
  Simple and straightforward means to discover
  medieval manuscripts available on the web.
* Centre for Manuscript and Print Studies: Manuscript Studies Links
  Centre for Manuscript and Print Studies at the University of London. 
  Fields of study include Palaeography, Codicology, Diplomatic and
  Calligraphy; History of Printing; Manuscript and Print Relations;
  History of Publishing and the Book Trade; Ephemera Studies; History
  of Reading; History of Libraries, Collecting and Scholarship; Analytical,
  Descriptive and Historical Bibliography; Textual Criticism and Textual
  Theory; and The Electronic Book.
* Cistercians: Institute of Cistercian Studies
  - Cistercians in Yorkshire
    Cistercians, or 'White Monks', played a major role
    in the religious and economic life of medieval England.
* Cyndi's List - Medieval
* Domesday Book Online: Domesday Book - Britain's finest treasure
  Commissioned in December 1085 by William the Conqueror.
* End of Europe's Middle Ages
* English Medieval Legal Documents Wiki
  Collaborative database on the published
  sources of English medieval legal documents,
  with links to online sources.
* Foundation for Medieval Genealogy
* Google™ Groups : soc.genealogy.medieval
  - Medieval Genealogical Publications
  - Scholarly Analysis of Popular Topics
* Google™ Groups: soc.history.medieval
* Harleian Society
* Haskins Society
  Viking, Anglo-Saxon, Anglo-Norman
  and early Angevin history, with history
  of neighboring areas and peoples.
* Inter Libros
  Research guides for classics and medieval studies.
* Islamic World to 1600
* Khazaria.com
  History of Jewish Khazars,
  Khazar Turk, Khazarian Jews.
* Labyrinth: Resources for Medieval Studies
* Magna Charta: Ancestor Project
  Project to provide profiles, biographical information
  and genealogical information about the immigrants
  to America who were descended from the Magna Charta
  Barons, with other immigrants to America with noble ancestry.
* Mediaevum.de
  - Medieval studies on the Internet.
* Medieval Academy of America: Links
* Medieval: All Articles - Wikipedia®
* Medieval and Renaissance Europe
* Medieval Chroniclers
* Medieval English Genealogy
* Medieval English Urban History
  Provide historical information about cities
  and towns in England during the Middle Ages.
* Medieval History - Topic Outline of Medieval History
  - 1066: A Medieval Mosaic
  - Medieval: 800AD to 1500AD
    Follow the history of medieval Britain.
  - Timeline of the Middle Ages
* Medieval Texts:Titles
* Medieval University
* NetSERF: The Internet Connection for Medieval Resources
* Online Medieval & Classical Library
* Online Resources for Medieval Art and Architecture
* ORB: The Online Reference Book for Medieval Studies
* Отечественная история
  Medieval history, genealogy
  and Russian historiography.
* Prosopography Research
  Prosopography is a means of profiling any group
  of recorded persons linked by any common factor.
* Quadrivium Project: Library Catalogues - Palaeography & Codicology
  Offers subject-specific research training in Medieval English Textual
  Studies to doctoral students.  Our definition of Medieval English Textual
  Studies is inclusive, covering Language, Paleography and Codicology,
  Textual Criticism and Editorial Practices, and Socio-Historical Contexts.
* Regnum Francorum Online
  Interactive maps and sources
  of the Frankish Kingdom 614-840.
* Science in the Middle Ages
  - VoS: Medieval Science
* SULAIR: Medieval Studies: Web Resources
* Taxatio: Information
  Ecclesiastical taxation of England and Wales.
* WWW Medieval Resources

Renaissance:
Renaissance - Topic Outline of the Renaissance
* Renaissance: The Elizabethan World
  - Life in Elizabethan England
    Compendium of common knowledge.
* Useful Websites for Renaissance Studies


ROYALTY: Divine Right of Kings - Mandate of Heaven - Order of Succession
* Cyndi's List - Royalty & Nobility
* List of Palaces
* Monarchy: Monarchies of Europe
  - Lists of Monarchs in the British Isles
    - List of English Monarchs
      - English Monarchs
        Complete history of the
        Kings and Queens of England.
        - Genealogy of the British Royal Family
          - Henry Project
            Ancestors of King Henry II of England.
          - Richard III Society
          - TudorHistory.org
            - Tudor England 1485 to 1603
* Nobility: Landed Gentry - Peerage
  - Europäische Stammtafeln and European Nobility
    Collections of important European genealogical tables.
  - Peerage: Privilege of Peerage - British
    - Burke's Peerage & Gentry
      Definitive historical guide to the UK
      and Ireland's titled and landed families.
    - Debrett's Online: Debrett's Books and Diaries
      Authority on etiquette, taste and achievement.
    - Peerage of England and Ireland by Date
* Royal Family: Royal House
  - Bibliography for Research
    British and continental - royal
    and noble lineages and heraldry.
  - British Monarchy (Official Website): Royal Channel
    - Directory of Royal Genealogical Data
      British royal family and those
      linked to it via blood or marriage.
  - European Royalty and Nobility
    - List of Nicknames of European Royalty and Nobility
  - Google™ Groups : alt.talk.royalty
    - Royal and Noble Families of the World
  - Royal Descent
    - Royal Descents of 600 Immigrants to the American Colonies . . .
      (USA), by Gary Boyd Roberts
  - World Roots Royal Genealogy
* Rulers: Rulers: Royal Genealogies
  - Guide and Index to Lists of Rulers
  - Living Biography & Specialty Sites
*  Sovereignty
  - Almanach de Bruxelles
    Sovereign families of
    non-European countries.